Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

83green compact head resembling lettuce, and B. chinensis (pakchoi, Chinese greens, Chinese chard); loose bunch of dark greenleaves and thick stalks.Pe tsai, composition/100 g: (edible portion 93%) water 94.4 g,67 kJ (16 kcal), protein 1.2 g, fat 0.2 g, carbohydrate 3.2 g (1.4 gsugars), fibre 1.2 g, ash 1 g, Ca 77 mg, Fe 0.3 mg, Mg 13 mg, P29 mg, K 238 mg, Na 9 mg, Zn 0.2 mg, Mn 0.2 mg, Se 0.6 µg, vitaminA 16µg RE (239µg carotenoids), E 0.1 mg, K 42.9 mg, B 1 0.04 mg,B 2 0.05 mg, niacin 0.4 mg, B 6 0.23 mg, folate 79 µg, pantothenate0.1 mg, C 27 mg. A 40 g serving is a source of folate, vitaminC.Pak choi, composition/100 g: (edible portion 88%) water95.3 g, 54 kJ (13 kcal), protein 1.5 g, fat 0.2 g, carbohydrate 2.2 g(1.2g sugars), fibre 1g, ash 0.8g, Ca 105mg, Fe 0.8mg, Mg 19mg,P 37 mg, K 252 mg, Na 65 mg, Zn 0.2 mg, Mn 0.2 mg, Se 0.5 µg,vitamin A 223 µg RE (2722µg carotenoids), E 0.1 mg, K 35.8 mg,B 1 0.04 mg, B 2 0.07 mg, niacin 0.5 mg, B 6 0.19 mg, folate 66 µg, pantothenate0.1 mg, C 45 mg. A 40 g serving is a source of vitaminA, folate, a rich source of vitamin C.cabbage palm Several types of palm tree that have edible innerleaves, terminal buds or inner part of the stem (heart of palm).cabbie-claw Scottish (Shetland); fresh codling, salted and hung inopen air for 1–2 days, then simmered with horseradish.The namederives from the Shetland dialect name for cod, kabbilow.caboc Scottish; double cream cheese (60% fat), rolled in oatmeal.cabrales Spanish goat or sheep milk hard cheese.cacao butter See cocoa butter.cacen-gri Welsh; soda scones made with currants and buttermilk.cachectin (cachexin) See cachexia; tumour necrosis factor.cachexia The condition of extreme emaciation and wasting seenin patients with advanced diseases such as cancer and AIDS,owing to both an inadequate intake of food and the effects ofthe disease in increasing metabolic rate (hypermetabolism) andthe breakdown of tissue protein.See also nitrogen balance; protein–energy malnutrition;tumour necrosis factor.cachou Small scented tablets for sweetening the breath.cactus pear See prickly pear.cadmium A mineral of no known function in the body andtherefore not a dietary essential. It accumulates in the bodythroughout life, reaching a total body content of 20–30 mg(200–300µmol). It is toxic and cadmium poisoning is a recognisedindustrial disease.In Japan, cadmium poisoning has been implicated in itai-itaidisease, a severe and sometimes fatal loss of calcium from the