Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

423samphire (1) Rock samphire, St Peter’s herb, succulent plant ofcliffs and salt marshes (Crithmum maritimum); grows on coastalrocks, fleshy aromatic leaves may be eaten raw, boiled or pickled.(2) Marsh samphire (glasswort, sea asparagus), Salicorniaspp., grows in salt marshes, salty, eaten cooked as a vegetable.samso Danish hard cheese.Sanatogen TM A preparation of casein and sodium glycerophosphatefor consumption as a beverage when added to milk.sanding In sugar confectionery, coating with sugar crystals, usedmainly on jellies.sand leek See rocambole.sandwich Two slices of bread enclosing a filling (meat, cheese,fish, etc.). Invention attributed to the fourth Earl of Sandwich(1718–1792), who spent long periods at the gaming table andcarried a portable meal of beef sandwiched with bread. Deckersandwiches consist of several layers of bread, each separated byfilling; Neapolitan sandwiches are decker sandwiches made withalternating slices of white and brown bread. Open sandwiches(smørrebrød) consist of a single slice of bread, biscuit or smallroll.Sanecta TM See aspartame.Sanka TM Decaffeinated instant coffee. See caffeine; coffee.sapodilla Fruit of the sapodilla tree (Achras sapota); size of asmall apple, rough-grained, yellow to greyish pulp. Chicle, thebasis of chewing gum, is made from the latex of the tree.Composition/100 g: (edible portion 80%) water 78 g, 347 kJ(83 kcal), protein 0.4 g, fat 1.1 g, carbohydrate 20 g, fibre 5.3 g, ash0.5 g, Ca 21 mg, Fe 0.8 mg, Mg 12 mg, P 12 mg, K 193 mg, Na 12 mg,Zn 0.1mg, Cu 0.1mg, Se 0.6µg, vitamin A 3µg RE, B 2 0.02 mg,niacin 0.2 mg, B 6 0.04 mg, folate 14 µg, pantothenate 0.3 mg, C15 mg.An 85 g serving (half fruit) is a good source of vitamin C.saponification Alkaline hydrolysis of fatty acid esters (includingtriacylglycerols) prior to analysis. The saponification value ofa fat or oil is the amount of potassium hydroxide required tohydrolyse (saponify) 1 g of the fat.saponins Group of substances that occur in plants and canproduce a soapy lather with water. Extracted commerciallyfrom soapwort (Saponaria officinalis) or soapbark (Quillajasaponaria) and used as foam producer in beverages and fireextinguishers, as detergents and for emulsifying oils. Bitter inflavour.See also quillaja.sapote Fruit of the central American sub-tropical evergreen treeCasimiroa edulis.