Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

350oxycalorimeter Instrument for measuring the oxygen consumedand carbon dioxide produced when a food is burned, as distinctfrom the calorimeter, which measures the heat produced.oxycarotenoids See xanthophylls.oxygenases See oxidases.oxygen scavengers Finely powdered iron or a mixture of glucoseand glucose oxidase used to remove residual oxygen from packagedfoods. Commonly included in the package as a sachet,but may also be an integral part of the packaging material (seebioactive polymers).oxyhaemoglobin Oxygenated haemoglobin.oxymyoglobin myoglobin is the muscle oxygen-binding protein;it takes up oxygen to form oxymyoglobin, which is bright red,while myoglobin itself is purplish-red. The surface of fresh meatthat is exposed to oxygen is bright red from the oxymyoglobin,while the interior of the meat is darker in colour where the myoglobinis not oxygenated.oxyntic cells See parietal cells.oxyntomodulin Peptide hormone released post-prandially fromcells of the gastrointestinal mucosa in proportion to energyintake. It is derived from proglucagon, and inhibits food intake.Circulating levels are increased in anorexia.oxytetracycline See tetracycline.oxythiamin Antimetabolite of thiamin, used in experimentalstudies of vitamin b 1 deficiency; it inhibits thiamin pyrophosphokinase(EC 2.7.6.2). Unlike pyrithiamin it does not enter thecentral nervous system.oxyuriasis Infestation of the large intestine with pinworm.oyster Marine bivalve mollusc, Ostreidae and Crassostreaspp.Composition /100 g: water 85.2 g, 285 kJ (68 kcal), protein 7.1 g,fat 2.5 g (of which 38% saturated, 14% mono-unsaturated, 48%polyunsaturated), cholesterol 53 mg, carbohydrate 3.9 g, ash 1.4 g,Ca 45 mg, Fe 6.7 mg, Mg 47 mg, P 135 mg, K 156 mg, Na 211 mg, Zn90.8mg, Cu 4.5mg, Mn 0.4mg, Se 63.7µg, I 60µg, vitaminA 30µg RE (30µg retinal), E 0.9 mg, K 0.1 mg, B 1 0.1 mg,B 2 0.09 mg, niacin 1.4 mg, B 6 0.06 mg, folate 10 µg, B 12 19.5µg,pantothenate 0.2 mg,C 4 mg.An 85 g serving (6 oysters) is a sourceof Mg, Mn, P, a rich source of Cu, Fe, I, Se, Zn, vitamin B 12 .oyster crabs American; small young crabs found inside oysters,cooked and eaten whole, including the soft shell.oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, see mushrooms.oyster plant (vegetable oyster) See salsify.ozone O 3 ,a powerful germicide, used to sterilise water and inantiseptic ice for preserving fish.