Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

472thrombin Plasma protein involved in the coagulation of blood,formed in the circulation by partial proteolysis of prothrombin.See also vitamin k.thromboembolism Condition in which a blood clot formed in thecirculation becomes detached and lodges elsewhere.thrombokinase (thromboplastin) An enzyme (clotting factor Xa,EC 3.4.21.6) liberated from damaged tissue and blood platelets;converts prothrombin to thrombin in the coagulation of blood.thrombolysis Dissolution of blood clots.thromboplastin See thrombokinase.thrombosis Inappropriate formation of blood clots in bloodvessels. Antagonists of vitamin k, including warfarin, are commonlyused to reduce clotting in people at risk of thrombosis.thrombus Blood clot that remains stationary in a blood vessel.See also embolism.thuricide A microbial insecticide; a living culture of Bacillusthuringiensis which is harmless to human beings but kills insectpests. Used to treat certain foods and fodder crops to destroypests such as corn earworm, flour moth, tomato fruit worm,cabbage looper, etc.thyme The aromatic leaves and flowering tops of Thymus vulgarisused as flavouring.thymidine, thymine A pyrimidine; see nucleic acids.thymonucleic acid Obsolete name for dna.thymus Chest (neck) sweetbread; a ductless gland in the chest, asdistinct from gut sweetbread or pancreas.Composition/100 g: water 74 g, 636 kJ (152 kcal), protein 14.8 g,fat 9.8 g (of which 52% saturated, 42% mono-unsaturated, 6%polyunsaturated), cholesterol 260 mg, carbohydrate 0 g, ash 1.4 g,Ca 8 mg, Fe 2.3 mg, Mg 21 mg, P 400 mg, K 420 mg, Na 75 mg, Zn1.9mg, Cu 0.1mg, Se 34.3µg, vitamin B 1 0.03 mg, B 2 0.25 mg,niacin 3.7 mg, B 6 0.07 mg, folate 13 µg, B 12 6µg, pantothenate1mg, C 18 mg. A 100 g serving is a source of Fe, Zn, vitamin B 2 ,pantothenate, a good source of niacin, a rich source of P, Se,vitamin B 12 ,C.thyrocalcitonin See calcitonin.thyroglobulin The protein in the thyroid gland which is the precursorfor the synthesis of the thyroid hormones as a result ofiodination of tyrosine residues.The thyroid-stimulating hormone(thyrotropin) stimulates hydrolysis of thyroglobulin and secretionof the hormones into the bloodstream.thyroid hormones The thyroid is an endocrine gland situated inthe neck, which takes up iodine from the bloodstream and synthesisestwo hormones, tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine(T4, tetra-iodothyronine). The active hormone is T3; thyroxine is