Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

285women, babies and the elderly are especially at risk. L. monocytogenescauses systemic infection; minimum infective dose notknown; onset within days, duration weeks.listeriosis See LISTERIA.Lita TM fat replacer made from protein.litchi See lychee.lite See light.lithium Metal not known to have any physiological function,although it occurs in food and water; lithium salts are used in thetreatment of bipolar manic-depressive disease.lithocholic acid One of the secondary bile salts, formed byintestinal bacterial metabolism of chenodeoxycholic acid.liver Usually from calf, pig, ox, lamb, chicken, duck or goose.Composition/100 g (depending on source, beef, calf, lamb orpoultry): water 71–76g, 500–570kJ (120–140kcal), protein 16–20 g, fat 4–5 g (of which: beef liver 55% saturated, 23% monounsaturated,23% polyunsaturated; calf liver 47% saturated, 29%mono-unsaturated, 24% polyunsaturated; chicken liver 44% saturated,33% mono-unsaturated, 22% polyunsaturated; duck liver52% saturated, 26% mono-unsaturated, 22% polyunsaturated;goose liver 59% saturated, 30% mono-unsaturated, 11% polyunsaturated),cholesterol 275–515 mg, carbohydrate 3–6 g, ash1.1–1.3g, Ca 5–43mg, Fe 5–30mg, Mg 18–24mg, P 260–380mg,K 230–310mg, Na 70–140mg, Zn 3–12mg, Cu 3–12mg, Mn0.3mg, Se 20–70µg, vitamin A 5000–12000µg retinol, E 0.4 mg,K 1–3 mg, B 1 0.2–0.6mg, B 2 0.9–2.8 mg, niacin 7–13 mg, B 60.8–1 mg, folate 125–740 µg, B 12 17–60µg, pantothenate 6–7 mg,C 1–18 mg. A 100 g serving is a source of Mn, vitamin B 1 ,a goodsource of Zn, a rich source of Cu, Fe, P, Se, vitamin A, B 2 , niacin,B 6 , folate, B 12 , pantothenate.The vitamin A content of liver is high enough for it to pose apossible hazard to unborn children, and pregnant women havebeen advised not to eat liver. See vitamin a toxicity.Fish liver is a particularly rich source of vitamins A and D, aswell as long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, and fish liver oils(especially cod and halibut) are used as sources of thesevitamins as nutritional supplements.livetin A water-soluble protein in egg yolk.lobster Crustacean, Homarus vulgaris.Composition/100 g: water 77 g, 377 kJ (90 kcal), protein 18.8 g,fat 0.9 g, cholesterol 95 mg, carbohydrate 0.5 g, ash 2.2 g, Ca 48 mg,Fe 0.3 mg, Mg 27 mg, P 144 mg, K 275 mg, Na 296 mg, Zn 3 mg, Cu1.7mg, Mn 0.1mg, Se 41.4µg, I 100µg, vitamin A 21 µg RE (21µgretinol), E 1.5 mg, K 0.1 mg, B 1 0.01 mg, B 2 0.05 mg, niacin 1.5 mg,B 6 0.06 mg, folate 9 µg, B 12 0.9µg, pantothenate 1.6 mg, A 250 g