Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

267Keys score Method of expressing the lipid content of a diet, calculatedas 1.35 × (2 × % energy from saturated fat −% energyfrom polyunsaturated fat) + 1.5 × √(mg cholesterol/1000 kcal).See also Hegsted score.khushkhash See orange, bitter.kibble To grind or chop coarsely.Kick’s law Equation to calculate the energy cost of reducing particlesize, based on the log of the initial : final size.See also bond’s law; comminution; rittinger’s law.kid Young goat (Capra aegragus) usually under three months old;similar to lamb, but with a stronger flavour.kidney Usually from lamb, ox, pig.Lamb, composition/100 g: (edible portion 97%) water 79 g,406 kJ (97 kcal), protein 15.7 g, fat 3 g (of which 45% saturated,27% mono-unsaturated, 27% polyunsaturated), cholesterol337 mg, carbohydrate 0.8 g, ash 1.3 g, Ca 13 mg, Fe 6.4 mg, Mg17 mg, P 246 mg, K 277 mg, Na 156 mg, Zn 2.2 mg, Cu 0.4 mg, Mn0.1mg, Se 126.9µg, vitamin A 95µg retinol, B 1 0.62 mg, B 22.24 mg, niacin 7.5 mg, B 6 0.22 mg, folate 28 µg, B 12 52.4µg, pantothenate4.2 mg, C 11 mg. A 100 g serving is a source of Zn,vitamin A, B 6 , folate, C, a rich source of Cu, Fe, P, Se, vitaminB 1 ,B 2 , niacin, B 12 , pantothenate.Ox, composition/100 g: (edible portion 84%) water 77 g, 431 kJ(103 kcal), protein 17.4 g, fat 3.1 g (of which 45% saturated, 30%mono-unsaturated, 25% polyunsaturated), cholesterol 411 mg,carbohydrate 0.3 g, ash 1.3 g, Ca 13 mg, Fe 4.6 mg, Mg 17 mg, P257 mg, K 262 mg, Na 182 mg, Zn 1.9 mg, Cu 0.4 mg, Mn 0.1 mg, Se141µg, vitamin A 419 µg RE (419µg retinol, 20 µg carotenoids), E0.2 mg, B 1 0.36 mg, B 2 2.84 mg, niacin 8 mg, B 6 0.67 mg, folate 98 µg,B 12 27.5µg, pantothenate 4 mg, C 9 mg.A 100 g serving is a sourceof Zn, vitamin C, a good source of vitamin B 1 ,a rich source of Cu,Fe,P,Se, vitamin A, B 2 , niacin, B 6 , folate, B 12 , pantothenate.kielbasa Polish; seasoned pork and beef sausage, may be smoked.kieves Irish name for mash tuns.kilderkin Cask for beer (18 gallons = 80.1 L) and ale (16 gallons= 71.2L).Kiliani reaction Colorimetric reaction for cholesterol; thedevelopment of a purple colour on reaction with ferric chloride.kimbu Japanese; dried seaweed (see kelp).kimchi Korean; dish based on fermented cabbage with garlic, redpeppers and pimientos, often with the addition of fish and otherfoods.kinky hair syndrome See menkes syndrome.kipfel (kipfl) Austrian; crescent shaped roll created to celebratethe lifting of the siege of Vienna (1683). Reputedly the precur-