Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

511whiskey, whisky A grain spirit distilled from barley, rye, maizeor other cereal that has first been malted (see malt) and then fermented.Most brands of whisky are a blend of malt whisky withspirit distilled from grain. The distilled spirit is diluted to about62% alcohol and matured in wooden casks; Irish and Scotchwhisky, made from malted barley, are matured for at least threeyears. Bourbon, made from malted maize, for at least one year.Sour mash bourbon is made from mash that has yeast left in itfrom a previous fermentation. Other American and Canadianwhiskies are made from rye.Diluted after maturation and generally around 40% alcoholby volume, 920 kJ (220 kcal)/100 mL.Both spellings permitted but generally whisky is the Scotchvariety and whiskey the Irish and American varieties. Namederived from the Gaelic uisge beatha, water of life.whitebait A mixture of young herrings and sprats (fresh orfrozen); they are caught together and are impossible to separateon a commercial scale.white blood cells See leucocytes.whitefish Oily freshwater fish, Coregonus spp.white foots Fine white precipitate of calcium and other saltsdeposited in jars of meat cured with rock salt.white pudding Sausage made from white meat (chicken, rabbit,pork), cereal and spices. The French version, boudin blanc,includes eggs and onions. Irish white pudding is made from flakeor leaf lard and oatmeal, spiced; served sliced and fried.white spirits Distilled spirits from fermented fruit; eau de vie oralcool blanc in French, schnapps in German.whiting White fish, Merlangius merlangus.WHO World Health Organization, headquarters in Geneva; website http://www.who.int/en/.wholefoods Foods that have been minimally refined or processed,and are eaten in their natural state. In general nothing isremoved from, or added to, the foodstuffs in preparation.Wholegraincereal products are made by milling the complete grain.wholesome Description applied to food that is fit for humanconsumption.wholewheat meal Flour or meal prepared by milling the wholewheat grain, i.e. 100% extraction rate. See flour, extractionrate.whortleberry See bilberry.Wilson’s disease genetic disease due to deficiency of ceruloplasmin,affecting copper metabolism, leading to accumulationof copper in liver and brain. Also known as hepatolenticulardegeneration.