Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

520ZAG Zinc α2 glycoprotein, secreted by various tumours; activateslipolysis and contributes to loss of adipose tissue incachexia.zampone Italian; pork sausage in which meat is stuffed into aboned pig’s trotter instead of casing.zearalenone Trichothecene mycotoxin produced when cerealsare infected with Fusarium spp.zeaxanthin One of the carotenoid pigments in maize, egg yolkand Physalis (cape gooseberry); has no vitamin A activity; usedas a colouring.See also lutein.zébrine Variety of aubergine with purple and white stripes.zedoary root Root of the Indian plant Curcuma zedoaria, amember of the ginger family. Used in the manufacture of flavoursand bitters.zeer Sudanese; earthenware vessel used for preparation ofkawal.zein A prolamin, the major protein of maize (Zea mays), verypoor in lysine and tryptophan.Z-enzyme Enzyme (β-1,3-glucosidase, EC 3.2.1.58) found associatedwith amylases, that hydrolyses the few β-1,3-links presentin amylose. Pure, crystalline β-amylase will convert only 70% ofamylose to maltose; it requires the presence of the Z-enzyme forcomplete conversion.Zeocarb TM An ion-exchange resin.zest Outer skin of citrus fruits. See flavedo.zinc An essential mineral which forms the prosthetic groupof a large number of enzymes, and the nuclear receptor proteinsfor steroid and thyroid hormones and vitamins a and d.Deficiency results in hypogonadism and delayed puberty,small stature and mild anaemia; it occurs mainly in subtropicalregions where a great deal of zinc is lost in sweat, and thediet is largely based on unleavened wholemeal bread, in whichmuch of the zinc is unavailable because of the high content ofphytic acid. Intestinal absorption of zinc requires an (asyet unidentified) organic zinc binding ligand secreted in pancreaticjuice. Deficiency may also lead to functional vitamin Adeficiency because of impaired synthesis of retinol bindingprotein.zitoni See pasta.zizanie See rice, wild.zNose TM A surface acoustic wave-based sensor that permitsextremely rapid gas chromatography with very high sensitivity –an ‘electronic nose’.See also eNose.