Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

265kelor See moringa.kelp Large brown seaweeds, Laminaria spp. Occasionally used asfood or food ingredient but mostly the ash is used as a source ofalkali and iodine. Sometimes claimed as a health food withunspecified properties. 55% of the dry weight is laminarin, anon-starch polysaccharide.Composition/100 g: water 82 g, 180 kJ (43 kcal), protein 1.7 g, fat0.6g, carbohydrate 9.6g (0.6g sugars), fibre 1.3g, ash 6.6g, Ca168 mg, Fe 2.8 mg, Mg 121 mg, P 42 mg, K 89 mg, Na 233 mg, Zn1.2mg, Cu 0.1mg, Mn 0.2mg, Se 0.7µg, vitamin A 6µg RE (70µgcarotenoids), E 0.9 mg, K 66 mg, B 1 0.05 mg, B 2 0.15 mg, niacin0.5 mg, folate 180 µg, pantothenate 0.6 mg, C 3 mg.kelvin SI unit of temperature; K = °C − 273.15. See temperature,absolute.kenima North Indian, Nepali; fried soy bean cake; the beans aresoaked in water and allowed to undergo lactic acid bacterial fermentationbefore cooking.kenkey Ghanaian; maize dumplings, wrapped in leaves or maizecob sheaths and steamed. The dough is left to undergo lactic acidbacterial fermentation, a portion is then boiled to produceaflata, which is then mixed with the remainder before cooking.Madidi is similar.kephalins Or cephalins; phospholipids containing ethanolamine,hence phosphatidylethanolamines. Found especially in brainand nerve tissue.Kepler extract of malt Trade name for one of the earliest of themalt extracts, intended as a dietary supplement to aid digestion,since it was rich in diastase.keratin The insoluble protein of hair, horn, hoof, feathers andnails. Not hydrolysed by digestive enzymes, and therefore nutritionallyuseless. Used as fertiliser, since it is slowly broken downby soil bacteria. Steamed feather meal is used to some extent asa supplement for ruminants.keratinisation Process by which epithelial cells become horny dueto deposition of keratin; may occur excessively and inappropriatelyin vitamin a deficiency.keratomalacia Dryness and ulceration of the cornea as a result ofvitamin a deficiency. Blindness is usually inevitable unless thedeficiency is corrected at an early stage.kermes A red colourant derived from the insect Kermes ilicisfound on several species of oak, particularly Quercus coccifera.The pigment is kermesic acid. See also cochineal.kermesic acid See cochineal; kermes.kesari dhal A legume, Lathyris sativus.See also lathyrism.