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Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

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505distribution <strong>of</strong> subcutaneous <strong>and</strong> intra-abdominal adiposetissue.wakame Japanese; lobe leaf seaweed, normally dried.Composition/100 g: water 80 g, 188 kJ (45 kcal), protein 3 g, fat0.6g, carbohydrate 9.1g (0.6g sugars), fibre 0.5g, ash 7.2g, Ca150 mg, Fe 2.2 mg, Mg 107 mg, P 80 mg, K 50 mg, Na 872 mg,Zn 0.4mg, Cu 0.3mg, Mn 1.4mg, Se 0.7µg, vitamin A 18µg RE(216µg carotenoids), E 1 mg, K 71.7 mg, B 1 0.06 mg, B 2 0.23 mg,niacin 1.6 mg, folate 196 µg, pantothenate 0.7 mg, C 3 mg.walnuts The rough shelled English walnut, black walnut, hickorynut <strong>and</strong> butternut are all botanically walnuts. Common Englishwalnut (so-called because carried round the world for centuriesin English ships) is Juglans regia.Black walnuts, composition/100 g: (edible portion 24%) water4.6 g, 2587 kJ (618 kcal), protein 24.1 g, fat 59 g (<strong>of</strong> which 6% saturated,28% mono-unsaturated, 66% polyunsaturated), carbohydrate9.9g (1.1g sugars), fibre 6.8g, ash 2.5g, Ca 61mg, Fe3.1 mg, Mg 201 mg, P 513 mg, K 523 mg, Na 2 mg, Zn 3.4 mg, Cu1.4mg, Mn 3.9mg, Se 17µg, vitamin A 2µg RE (33µgcarotenoids), E 1.8 mg, K 2.7 mg, B 1 0.06 mg, B 2 0.13 mg, niacin0.5 mg, B 6 0.58 mg, folate 31 µg, pantothenate 1.7 mg, C 2 mg. A20 g serving (3 nuts) is a source <strong>of</strong> Mg, P, a good source <strong>of</strong> Cu, arich source <strong>of</strong> Mn.English walnuts, composition/100 g: (edible portion 45%)water 4.1 g, 2738 kJ (654 kcal), protein 15.2 g, fat 65.2 g (<strong>of</strong> which10% saturated, 14% mono-unsaturated, 76% polyunsaturated),carbohydrate 13.7g (2.6g sugars), fibre 6.7g, ash 1.8g, Ca 98mg,Fe 2.9 mg, Mg 158 mg, P 346 mg, K 441 mg, Na 2 mg, Zn 3.1 mg,Cu 1.6mg, Mn 3.4mg, Se 4.9µg, vitamin A 1µg RE (21µgcarotenoids), E 0.7 mg, K 2.7 mg, B 1 0.34 mg, B 2 0.15 mg, niacin1.1 mg, B 6 0.54 mg, folate 98 µg, pantothenate 0.6 mg, C 1 mg. A20 g serving (3 nuts) is a good source <strong>of</strong> Cu, Mn.Walnut oil is 10% saturated, 24% mono-unsaturated, 66%polyunsaturated,contains 0.4 mg vitamin E,15 mg vitamin K/100 g.wappato See arrowhead.Warfarin Synthetic compound that acts as a vitamin k antagonist,by inhibiting vitamin K epoxide reductase (EC 1.1.4.1). Usedclinically to impair blood clotting in patients at risk <strong>of</strong> thrombosis,<strong>and</strong> as a rodenticide. Named for the Wisconsin AlumnusResearch Fund, which sponsored the research that led to its discovery(1951).Use <strong>of</strong> Warfarin in pregnancy can lead to fetal abnormalities(the fetal Warfarin syndrome) as a result <strong>of</strong> inhibition <strong>of</strong> thevitamin K-dependent carboxylation <strong>of</strong> the product <strong>of</strong> the growtharrest-specific (Gas-6) gene, which is important in regulation <strong>of</strong>growth <strong>and</strong> development.

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