Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

516work See energy.wormseed See epazote.wort Aqueous extract of malt in brewing. See beer.WPC Whey protein concentrate.wraplings See wuntun.WTO World Trade Organization, web site http://www.wto.org/.wuntun (wonton) Chinese; small dough parcels containing meat,boiled or deep fried. Also known as chiao-tzu or wraplings.XXangold TM Natural source esters of the carotenoids xanthophylland lutein.xanthaemia See carotinaemia.xanthan gum Complex polymer made by bacterial fermentation;stable to wide range of pH and temperatures; used as thickeningagent to form gels, increase viscosity in foods.xanthelasma Yellow fatty plaques on the eyelids, due tohypercholesterolaemia.xanthine A purine, intermediate in the metabolism of adenineand guanine to uric acid. caffeine (in coffee and tea) is 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine; theophylline (in tea) is 1,3-dimethylxanthine;theobromine (in cocoa) is 3,7-dimethylxanthine.xanthoma Yellow skin lesion associated with disorders of lipidmetabolism, and especially hypercholesterolaemia.xanthophylls Hydroxylated carotenoids. Occur in all greenleaves together with chlorophyll and carotene, also present inegg yolk, cape gooseberry, etc. Most have no vitamin a activity.Include flavoxanthin (E-161a), lutein (161b), cryptoxanthin (E-161c, is vitamin A precursor), rubixanthin (161e), rhodoxanthin(161f), canthaxanthin (161g).xanthoproteic reaction Test for proteins (actually for the aromaticrings of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan).Yellow colour on boiling with nitric acid, turns orange on addingammonia.xanthosis Yellowing of the skin associated with high blood concentrationsof carotene.Xenical TM See orlistat.xenobiotic Substances foreign to the body, including drugs andsome food additives.xerophilic See osmophiles.xerophthalmia Advanced vitamin a deficiency in which theepithelium of the cornea and conjunctiva of the eye deterioratesbecause of impairment of the tear glands, resulting in drynessthen ulceration, leading to blindness.