Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

289lumpfish Large sea fish, Cylopterus lumpus, the eggs of which aresalted, pressed and coloured, as Danish or German caviare.luncheon meat Precooked, canned meat, usually pork.lupeose See stachyose.lupins Legumes, Lupinus spp. The ordinary garden lupin containstoxic quinolizidine alkaloids and tastes bitter; varieties selectedfor animal feed and grain crop, low in alkaloids, are known assweet lupins; rich in protein and fat.lupulones Aromatic acids in hops, see humulones.lutein A hydroxylated carotenoid (a xanthophyll); not vitamina active, but may be an important antioxidant nutrient.Togetherwith zeaxanthin accumulates in the retina, and considered to beprotective against damage by uv and blue light.luteotrophin (luteotrophic hormone) See prolactin.luxus konsumption See diet-induced thermogenesis.Lycasin TM Hydrogenated glucose syrup, a bulk sweetener.lychee (litchi) The fruit of Litchi chinensis, native of China; thesize of a small plum, with a hard case and translucent white jellylikesweet flesh surrounding the seed.Composition/100 g: (edible portion 60%) water 81.8 g, 276 kJ(66 kcal), protein 0.8 g, fat 0.4 g, carbohydrate 16.5 g (15.2 gsugars), fibre 1.3g, ash 0.4g, Ca 5mg, Fe 0.3mg, Mg 10mg, P31 mg, K 171 mg, Na 1 mg, Zn 0.1 mg, Cu 0.1 mg, Mn 0.1 mg, Se0.6µg, Vitamin E 0.1 mg, K 0.4 mg, B 1 0.01 mg, B 2 0.06 mg, niacin0.6 mg, B 6 0.1 mg, folate 14 µg, C 72 mg. A 50 g serving (5 fruits)is a rich source of vitamin C.lycopene A carotenoid, not vitamin a active, found especially intomatoes. It does not have a characteristic ionone ring; bothrings are open. Epidemiological evidence suggests that it may beassociated with lower incidence of cardiovascular disease andcancer of the prostate and gastrointestinal tract. Sometimes usedas a food colour (E-160d).lye-peeling A method of removing skins from vegetables byimmersion in hot caustic soda solution (lye) followed by tumblingin a wash to remove the skin and chemicals.lymph The fluid between blood and the tissues; the medium inwhich oxygen and nutrients are conveyed from the blood to thetissues, and waste products back to the blood. Similar to bloodplasma in composition. Dietary fat is absorbed into the lacteals(lymphatic vessels of the intestinal villi) as chylomicrons whichare formed in the intestinal mucosa, and enters the bloodstreamat the thoracic duct. After a fatty meal, the lymph is rich in emulsifiedfat and is called chyle.lymphatics Vessels through which the lymph flows, draining fromthe tissues and entering the bloodstream at the thoracic duct.