Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

421saliva Secretion of the salivary glands in the mouth: 1–1.5 Lsecreted daily. A dilute solution of the protein mucin (whichlubricates food) and the enzyme amylase, with small quantitiesof urea, and mineral salts.salivary glands Three pairs of glands in the mouth, which secretesaliva: parotid, submandibular and submaxillary glands.Sally Lunn A sweet, spongy, yeast cake, named after a girl whosold her tea cakes in Bath in the 18th century. In southern USAa variety of yeast and soda breads.salmagundi (salamagundi) Old English dish consisting of dicedfresh and salt meats mixed with hard-boiled eggs, pickled vegetablesand spices, arranged on a bed of salad.salmine See protamines.salmon Fish of a number of species including Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar), and chinook, chum, coho (or silver), pink (orhumpback), sockeye (or red) which are Oncorhynchus spp., andin UK must be described as red or pink salmon. Although wildsalmon are caught on a large scale, much is farmed in deep inletsof the sea.Composition/100 g: water 69 g, 766 kJ (183 kcal), protein 19.9 g,fat 10.9 g (of which 22% saturated, 39% mono-unsaturated, 39%polyunsaturated), cholesterol 59 mg, carbohydrate 0 g, ash 1 g,Ca 12mg, Fe 0.4mg, Mg 28mg, P 233mg, K 362mg, Na 59mg, Zn0.4mg, Se 36.5µg, vitamin A 15µg RE (15µg retinal), B 1 0.34 mg,B 2 0.12 mg, niacin 7.5 mg, B 6 0.64 mg, folate 26 µg, B 12 2.8µg, pantothenate1.4 mg, C 4 mg. A 100 g serving is a source of folate, agood source of P, vitamin B 1 , pantothenate, a rich source of Se,niacin, vitamin B 6 ,B 12 .salmon berry Fruit of American wild raspberry, Ribes spectabilis.Salmonella spp. Bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae) that are acommon cause of food poisoning. Found in eggs from infectedhens, sausages, etc.; can survive in brine and at refrigerator temperatures;destroyed by adequate heating. Most species invadeintestinal epithelial cells. Infective dose 10 3 –10 6 organisms, onset6–72 h, duration 2–7 days, TX 4.1.2.2.Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi (formerly S.typhi and S. paratyphi) cause systemic infection: infective dose1–10 2 organisms, onset 10–21 days, duration weeks.There was a large increase in salmonellosis in Britain in the1980s when S. enteritidis became endemic in poultry, levelling offin 1990–1995. Subsequently there was an increase (also in USA)in S. typhimurium DT with a relatively high mortality. Found incereals, beef, pork and chicken.salmon, rock Alternative name for dogfish.salometer See salinometer.