Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

100cayenne pepper See pepper, chilli.CBE See cocoa butter equivalents.CCK See cholecystokinin.CCP See critical control point.cDNA Copy or complementary DNA; a single-stranded DNAcopy of mRNA, synthesised using reverse transcriptase, whichcan then be inserted into a plasmid or other vector, for the introductionof new DNA into a bacterial or other cell. cDNAlibraries represent the information encoded in the mRNA of aparticular tissue or organism.Celacol TM Methyl, hydroxyethyl and other cellulose derivatives.celeriac A variety of celery with a thick root which is eatengrated in salads or cooked as a vegetable, Apium graveolens var.rapaceum, also known as turnip-rooted or knob celery.Composition/100 g: (edible portion 86%) water 88 g, 176 kJ(42 kcal), protein 1.5 g, fat 0.3 g, carbohydrate 9.2 g (1.6 g sugars),fibre 1.8g, ash 1g, Ca 43mg, Fe 0.7mg, Mg 20mg, P 115mg, K300mg, Na 100mg, Zn 0.3mg, Cu 0.1mg, Mn 0.2mg, Se 0.7µg,1µg carotenoids, E 0.4 mg, K 41 mg, B 1 0.05 mg, B 2 0.06 mg, niacin0.7 mg, B 6 0.17 mg, folate 8 µg, pantothenate 0.4 mg, C 8 mg.celery Edible stems of Apium graveolens var. dulce.Composition/100 g: (edible portion 89%) water 95g, 59 kJ(14 kcal), protein 0.7 g, fat 0.2 g, carbohydrate 3 g (1.8 g sugars),fibre 1.6g, ash 0.8g, Ca 40mg, Fe 0.2mg, Mg 11mg, P 24mg, K260 mg, Na 80 mg, Zn 0.1 mg, Mn 0.1 mg, Se 0.4 µg, vitamin A22µg RE (553µg carotenoids), E 0.3 mg, K 29.3 mg, B 1 0.02 mg,B 2 0.06 mg, niacin 0.3 mg, B 6 0.07 mg, folate 36 µg, pantothenate0.2 mg, C 3 mg.celiac disease See coeliac disease.cellobiose A disaccharide of glucose linked β-1,4; formed byhydrolysis of cellulose by cellulase, and not hydrolysed bymammalian digestive enzymes.Cellofas TM Derivatives of cellulose: Cellofas A is methylethylcellulose,Cellofas B is sodium carboxymethylcellulose.Cellophane TM The first transparent, non-porous film, made fromwood pulp (cellulose), patented in 1908 by Swiss-Frenchchemist Jacques-Edwin Brandenburger; waterproof cellophanefor food wrapping developed by Du Pont in 1926. Still widelyused for wrapping foods and other commodities.celluflour Powdered cellulose, used in experimental diets toprovide indigestible bulk.cellulase Enzymes that hydrolyse cellulose. Present in thedigestive juices of some wood-boring insects and various microorganisms,but not mammals.