Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

52basic foods See acid foods.basic foods plan A grouping of foods used for public health educationwith a recommendation to eat some food from each groupevery day; foods may be divided into four, five or seven groups.For the seven group plan, the groups are: (1) green and yellowvegetables; (2) oranges, grapefruit, tomatoes and raw salads; (3)potatoes and other vegetables and fruits; (4) milk and cheese; (5)meat, poultry, fish and eggs; (6) bread, pasta, flour and othercereal products; (7) butter, margarine, oils and fats.See also food pyramid.basil An aromatic herb Ocimum basilicum and O. minimum;other members of the genus Ocimum are also used as seasoning.basmati Long-grain Indian variety of rice, much prized for itsdelicate flavour (the name means ‘fragrant’ in Hindi).bass A white fish, Dicentrarchus labrax. Composition/100 g:water 76 g, 477 kJ (114 kcal), protein 18.9 g, fat 3.7 g (of which24% saturated, 42% mono-unsaturated, 33% polyunsaturated),cholesterol 68 mg, carbohydrate 0 g, ash 1.5 g, Ca 80 mg, Fe 1.5 mg,Mg 30 mg, P 200 mg, K 356 mg, Na 70 mg, Zn 0.6 mg, Cu 0.1 mg,Mn 0.9mg, Se 12.6µg, vitamin A 30µg retinol, B 1 0.08 mg, B 20.07 mg, niacin 1.3 mg, B 6 0.12 mg, folate 15 µg, B 12 2µg, pantothenate0.8 mg, C 2 mg.An 80 g serving is a source of Se, a goodsource of P, a rich source of Mn, vitamin B 12 .baste To ladle hot fat (or other liquid) over meat, poultry, etc., atintervals while it is baking or roasting, in order to improve thetexture, flavour and appearance.batata See potato, sweet.Bath bun A small English cake made from milk-based yeastdough, with dried fruit and a topping of sugar crystals, attributedto Dr W. Oliver of Bath (18th century).Bath chap The cheek and jawbones of the pig, salted and smoked.Originated in Bath.Bath cheese A small English cheese, made from cow’s milk withthe subsequent addition of cream.Bath Oliver A biscuit made with yeast, attributed to Dr W. Oliverof Bath (18th century).Baudouin test A colour test for the presence of sesame oil. Insome countries sesame oil is added to all food oils except oliveoil, hence permitting detection of the adulteration of olive oilwith cheaper vegetable oils.bauernspeck Austrian; pork cured in brine with juniper berriesand smoked.Baumé A scale used to measure the density of liquids. For allliquids heavier than water, the density at 15.5 °C corresponds todegrees Baumé.