Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

293maize Grain of Zea mays, also called Indian corn and (in USA)simply corn. Staple food in many countries, made into tortillasin Latin America, polenta in Italy, and flaked as corn flakesbreakfast cereal; various preparations in the southern states ofthe USA are known as hominy, samp and cerealine.Two varieties of major commercial importance are flint corn(Zea mays indurata), which is very hard, and dent corn (Z. maysdentata); there is also sweet corn Z. mays saccharata, and avariety that expands on heating (Zea mays everta; see popcorn).The starch prepared from Z. mays dentata is termed cornflour;the ground maize is termed maize meal. There is a white variety;the usual yellow colour is partly due to cryptoxanthin (a vitaminA precursor). Because of its low content of the amino acid tryptophan(and available niacin), diets based largely on maize areassociated with the development of pellagra.Yellow sweet corn, composition/100 g: (edible portion 36%)water 76 g, 360 kJ (86 kcal), protein 3.2 g, fat 1.2 g (of which 18%saturated, 27% mono-unsaturated, 55% polyunsaturated), carbohydrate19g (3.2g sugars), fibre 2.7g, ash 0.6g, Ca 2mg, Fe0.5 mg, Mg 37 mg, P 89 mg, K 270 mg, Na 15 mg, Zn 0.4 mg, Cu0.1mg, Mn 0.2mg, Se 0.6µg, vitamin A 10µg RE (961µgcarotenoids), E 0.1 mg, K 0.3 mg, B 1 0.2 mg, B 2 0.06 mg, niacin1.7 mg, B 6 0.05 mg, folate 46 µg, pantothenate 0.8 mg, C 7 mg. A90 g serving (1 cob) is a source of Mg, vitamin B 1 , pantothenate,a good source of folate.maize, flaked Partly gelatinised maize used for animal feed. Thegrain is cracked to small pieces, moistened, cooked and flakedbetween rollers.maize flour Highly refined and very finely ground maize mealfrom which all bran and germ have been removed.Composition/100 g: water 10.9 g, 1511 kJ (361 kcal), protein6.9 g, fat 3.9 g (of which 15% saturated, 30% mono-unsaturated,55% polyunsaturated), carbohydrate 76.8 g (0.6 g sugars), fibre13.4g, ash 1.5g, Ca 7mg, Fe 2.4mg, Mg 93mg, P 272mg, K315mg, Na 5mg, Zn 1.7mg, Cu 0.2mg, Mn 0.5mg, Se 15.4µg,vitamin A 11µg RE (1515µg carotenoids), E 0.4mg, K 0.3mg, B 10.25 mg, B 2 0.08 mg, niacin 1.9 mg, B 6 0.37 mg, folate 25 µg, pantothenate0.7 mg.maize oil See corn oil.maize, quality protein (QPM) A hybrid derived from the OpaqueII strain, with a 10% higher yield than conventional maize, and70–80% more tryptophan and lysine.maize rice Finely cut maize with bran and germ partly removed,also called mealie rice.