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Nephritkeule” (180). 163 Despite their strict obedience to morality, 164 Tawhiao is reported to have<br />

six wives (165), but Reischek only meets two of them. 165 The first is Hera, the paramount wife,<br />

who is tattooed around the lip <strong>and</strong> chin <strong>and</strong> described as “wohlbeleibt”: “Es fiel mir schwer, ernst<br />

zu bleiben, als ich ihr Festkleid sah. Sie war in einen Kalikomantel gehüllt, auf dem<br />

sonderbarerweise alle Kartenspiele aufgedruckt waren; ihren Kopfschmuck bildete ein<br />

Zylinderhut” (180f.). 166 However, Rangiaho, the “rangzweite Gemahlin des Königs”, provides an<br />

“erfreulichen Gegensatz zu dieser tragikomischen Karikatur europäischer Würde […], deren<br />

ebenmäßige Gestalt und hübsches Gesicht in reiner Maorikleidung harmonisch zur Geltung kam”<br />

(181). Reischek also comments on the Maori ‘ranking system’, which dictates the responsibilities<br />

of a chief’s principal wife:<br />

Die Hauptfrau eines Häuptlings muß von adeliger Geburt sein; nur ihr erstgeborenes Kind erbt den<br />

Rang eines Häuptlings, alle ihre <strong>and</strong>ern Kinder und die der übrigen Frauen bleiben gewöhnliche<br />

Stammesangehörige. Interessant ist, daß auch einem Mädchen, wenn es das erstgeborene Kind ist,<br />

der Häuptlingsrang zufällt.<br />

So wie der Ariki Vater, ist seine Hauptfrau Mutter des Stammes. Ihr Amt ist es, die<br />

Mädchen zu erziehen, sie im Mattenflechten, Kochen und allen häuslichen Arbeiten auszubilden<br />

und über alle <strong>and</strong>ern Obliegenheiten der Frauen zu wachen. Die rangniedrigeren Frauen haben sie<br />

dabei zu unterstützen. (165)<br />

In the same way Dieffenbach portrayed the Romantic picture of equality in Maori society with the<br />

notion of ‘noble’ women achieving high-ranking positions, Reischek too sees the role of the head<br />

wife as an important one for teaching the fundamentals of Maori domestic life to the females of<br />

lesser st<strong>and</strong>ing: “Die Mädchen werden so erzogen, dass sie für den Mann sorgen können, wenn<br />

sie heiraten. Sie verfertigen nämlich die Kleider, kochen und besorgen mit ihren Untergebenen<br />

die L<strong>and</strong>wirthschaft.” 167 Even women are seen to fight in battle, as is the case with Honana Te<br />

163 In Reischek’s 1890 contribution, Tawhiao is described in much the same way, but in a more sedate fashion as “ein<br />

alter stattlicher Mann mit schön tätowirtem Gesichte” (Reischek, “Meine Reisen auf Neu-Seel<strong>and</strong>”, 616).<br />

164 Reischek, “Ueber Neu-Seel<strong>and</strong> und seine Bewohner”, 96.<br />

165 Only the names of four wives have been recorded: Hera, Rangiaho (Pare Hauraki), Poihaere <strong>and</strong> Aotea. It should<br />

be noted that even though Tawhiao is “noted to have had many women”, these unions were often a strategic act:<br />

“Tatau Pounamu was an attempt by two tribes to bind together, <strong>and</strong> was a conscious move to stop warring parties<br />

from unnecessary bloodshed <strong>and</strong> wanton waste of human life. […] Except for Hera, the principal wife, the arranged<br />

unions were not always for pleasure as sometimes expected. The relationships were really for the benefit of the tribes<br />

who would come under the Kingitanga by the said union” (Kirkwood, Tawhiao, 180f.). Reischek, in contrast, sees<br />

the ‘Hauhau’ practice of polygamy in a different light: “Je mehr Frauen ein Häuptling besitzt, desto reicher ist er”<br />

(Reischek, “Ueber Neu-Seel<strong>and</strong> und seine Bewohner”, 96).<br />

166 Hera is also described in much the same way as in Reischek’s later contribution, but without the last comment <strong>and</strong><br />

with feathers in her hair (Reischek, “Meine Reisen auf Neu-Seel<strong>and</strong>”, 616) instead of the hat shown in the photo (SW,<br />

152). Importantly, however, there is no reference to Hera being ‘comical-looking’ in the original manuscript<br />

(unpublished manuscript, II:436f.).<br />

167 Reischek, “Ueber Neu-Seel<strong>and</strong> und seine Bewohner”, 96; see also SW, 96, 98, 161, 181f., 195, 308.<br />

261

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