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emark by Dr Isaac Featherston 236 – “The Maori (he said) are dying out <strong>and</strong> nothing can save<br />

them. Our plain duty as good compassionate colonists is to smooth down their dying pillow” 237 –<br />

would also have played a part. Although there are still elements of ‘fatal impact’ theory in<br />

Reischek’s writings, they are not as fatalistic or prolific, no doubt due to his less formal education<br />

<strong>and</strong> the varying aims of the texts in question, <strong>and</strong> are without the scientific basis of Darwinian<br />

resignation, which in turn makes the title not wholly appropriate for the colony as a whole nor for<br />

the Maori, especially when one considers neither the local l<strong>and</strong>scape nor the Maori have been<br />

completely ‘exterminated’, but perhaps more appropriate for the environment in certain locations<br />

<strong>and</strong> certain species of wildlife. In Sterbende Welt the most relevant images of Maori demise are<br />

rather brief. In the introductory chapter the two populations of New Zeal<strong>and</strong> are presented with<br />

contrasting fortunes:<br />

Während die Zahl der Ureinwohner in ständigem Abnehmen begriffen ist, nahm die Zahl der<br />

europäischen Ansiedler rasch zu. Im Jahr 1840 gab es auf Neuseel<strong>and</strong> etwa 1200 Europäer und<br />

mindestens 100 000 Maori; im Jahr 1891 betrug (nach dem Ergebnis der Volkszählung) die Zahl<br />

der Europäer (zumeist britischer Abstammung) 667 000, die Zahl der Maori ungefähr 42 000.<br />

Die Hauptursache des raschen Aussterbens der Maori ist der schädliche Einfluß der<br />

europäischen Zivilisation auf dieses urwüchsige Volk: Alkohol, Geschlechtskrankheiten und<br />

Kriege, die aus Ländergier gegen die Maori geführt wurden, haben die Kraft des Urvolks<br />

gebrochen. Aber auch der Kannibalismus der Maori, der die einzelnen Stämme zu ständigen<br />

Kriegen unterein<strong>and</strong>er führte, die nur zu dem Zwecke der Erbeutung von Menschenfleisch<br />

unternommen wurden, hat zur raschen Dezimierung der Eingeborenen beigetragen. (20)<br />

Another instance of ‘fatal impact’ theory is his comment on the opening up of the King Country<br />

in 1887 for a train route between Auckl<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> the Waikato, 238 where the initial act of Tawhiao<br />

taking part is compared to digging his own grave <strong>and</strong> that of his people: “Er selbst tat den ersten<br />

Spatenstich, als die erste Eisenbahnlinie in sein L<strong>and</strong> gelegt wurde. Ein trauriges Symbol: der<br />

Urmensch, der seiner und seines Volkes Kultur und Freiheit das Grab schaufelt!” (265)<br />

Reischek also gave several papers on the Maori upon his return to Austria published in a<br />

more polished but abbreviated form. The most important of these articles is “Ueber Neu-Seel<strong>and</strong><br />

und seine Bewohner” (1890), which also deals with the changes in lifestyle following their<br />

adoption of European wares <strong>and</strong> customs. Although it exp<strong>and</strong>s slightly on the above factors, it<br />

proves little more than a summary of Hochstetter’s ideas rather than the comments of an expert<br />

ethnologist:<br />

236<br />

See Davis Hamer, “Featherston, Isaac Earl 1813 – 1876: Doctor, politician, provincial superintendent”, in: DNZB<br />

1, 119-21.<br />

237<br />

Cited in: Walter L. Buller, “Address at the Wellington Philosophical Society”, in: TPNZI 17 (1885): 444.<br />

238<br />

Cf. Reischek, “Meine Reisen auf Neu-Seel<strong>and</strong>”, 611.<br />

279

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