Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs SPANISH: almendra, almendra de bajo, almendro blanco, almendro colorado, barbasco, cojón de verraco, jigua USES/NOTES: Kernel is edible, though fruit pulp reportedly is poisonous. NATURAL RANGE: Lesser Antilles to northern Amazonian Brazil REFERENCES: Duke and Vásquez 1994, Johnston and Colquhoun 1996, Prance and Silva 1973, Silva et al. 1977 Caryocar nuciferum L. FAMILY: Caryocaraceae (souari) ENGLISH: butter nut, butter nut of Guiana, Guiana butternut, Guiana nut, paradise nut, pekea-nut, sawari, sawari nut, souari, souari nut, suari nut FRENCH: arbre de beurre, noisette indienne, pékéa tata-youba, portenoix PORTUGUESE: ameixa-do-Peru, pequiá, piqui, piquia branco, piquiáverdadeiro, piquiarana, tata-yuba SPANISH: aceite de piquia, achiotillo, ajo, almendra, almendro, almendrón cagüí, almendrón maní, nuez souari USES/NOTES: Nuts are edible roasted and are much appreciated. Edible kernel oil is called sawarri fat or souari fat in some Englishspeaking areas and aceite de piquia in Colombia. Wood is used in general carpentry. Potential for expansion. NATURAL RANGE: Northern Amazonian Brazil, the Guianas, southern Venezuela and adjacent Colombia, perhaps into eastern Peru REFERENCES: Bourke et al. 1987, Clay and Clement 1993, Coe 1994, Duke 1986, Guia Rural n.d., IBGE 1980, Johnston and Colquhoun 1996, Mabberley 1987, Martin et al. 1987, Menninger 1987, NRC 1975, OAS 1973, Peret 1985, Rehm and Espig 1991, Steyermark et al. 1995, Vásquez and Gentry 1989, von Reis Altschul 1973 Caryocar pallidum A.C. Sm. FAMILY: Caryocaraceae (souari) PORTUGUESE: piquiarana, piquirana USES/NOTES: Fruits are edible. NATURAL RANGE: Amazonian Bolivia to southern Venezuela REFERENCES: UFA/NYBG n.d. Caryocar tomentosusm Willd. FAMILY: Caryocaraceae (souari) ENGLISH: suari tree USES/NOTES: Nut is edible. NATURAL RANGE: Northern South America REFERENCES: Uphof 1968 Caryocar villosum (Aublet) Pers. [syn. C. butyrosum (Aublet) Willd.] and C. brasiliense Cambess. FAMILY: Caryocaraceae (souari) ENGLISH: bats sauari, butter nut, pequi, piquia-oil plant, souri, suari nut DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 166
Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs PORTUGUESE: amêndoa-de-espinho, amêndoa-do-Peru, pequi, pequiá-brava, pequiá, pequiá-pedra, pequizeiro, piqui, piquiá, piquiá-verdadeiro, ruamahi, suari USES/NOTES: Highly esteemed yellow fruit pulp is eaten fresh or made into a liqueur popular in Brazil, kernels are eaten raw or roasted and used as a condiment, oil extracted from the kernel and the pericarp is edible and used in paint, cotyledons are eaten, and leaves are medicinal. Endocarp is used for fuel, dried or as charcoal. Wood is used for furniture and is a yellow dye source. NATURAL RANGE: C. brasiliense from central Brazil to adjacent Paraguay and Bolivia; C. villosum from the central Brazilian Cerrado, north through central Amazonia, possibly to French Guiana REFERENCES: Brücher 1989, Cavalcante 1991, Guia Rural n.d., IBGE 1980, Kermath (notes), Mabberley 1987, NRC 1975, Prance and Balick 1990, Prance and Silva 1973, Silva et al. 1977 Caryodendron amazonicum Ducke FAMILY: Euphorbiaceae (spurge) PORTUGUESE: castanha-de-porco, castanhola, castaninha, mamaluco USES/NOTES: Medium to large tree’s seeds are eaten raw or cooked by local populations. NATURAL RANGE: Upland primary forests of western Amazonian Brazil and adjacent Amazonian Colombia to Amazonian Ecuador REFERENCES: Brücher 1989, Cavalcante 1991, Shanley and Medina 2005, UFA/NYBG n.d. Caryodendron grandifolium (Müell. Arg.) Pax FAMILY: Euphorbiaceae (spurge) PORTUGUESE: castanhola USES/NOTES: Seed is edible. NATURAL RANGE: Western Amazonian Brazil and Amazonian Peru and Ecuador REFERENCES: Brako and Zarucchi 1993, UFA/NYBG n.d. Caryodendron orinocense Karsten FAMILY: Euphorbiaceae (spurge) ENGLISH: tacay nut SPANISH: cacay, caquetá, castaño, inche, inchi, maní de árbol, meta, meto huayo, nogal de Barquisimeto, palo de nuez, putumayo, tacay, taque USES/NOTES: Seeds are eaten toasted and are the source of a quality cooking oil. NATURAL RANGE: Upper Orinoco of Venezuela and Colombia and adjacent Amazonas, Brazil to Amazonian Ecuador REFERENCES: Bennett et al. 2001, Brücher 1989, Duke n.d., Duke and Vásquez 1994, Hoyas 1989, Martin et al. 1987, Nieto and Rodríguez 2002a, Schultes 1979b Caryota urens L. FAMILY: Arecaceae or Palmae (palm) ENGLISH: fish-tail palm, jaggary palm, toddy palm DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 167
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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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