Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Correll and Johnston 1970, Facciola 1990, Fernald et al. 1958, Yanovsky 1936 Aralia spinosa L. FAMILY: Araliaceae (aralia or ginseng) ENGLISH: angelica tree, devil’s walking stick, Hercules’ club USES/NOTES: Young triangular leaves are used as a potherb. NATURAL RANGE: Eastern U.S. from New Jersey to Iowa and central Florida to eastern Texas REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Facciola 1990, Fernald et al. 1958, Gibbons and Tucker 1979, Godfrey 1988, Long and Lakela 1971, Nelson 1994 Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze [syn. A. brasiliensis A. Rich.] FAMILY: Araucariaceae (Chile pine) ENGLISH: araucaria, Brazilian monkey puzzle tree, Brazilian pine, monkey puzzle tree, Parana pine, pine nut PORTUGUESE: araucária, pinhão, pinheiro-brasileiro, pinheiro-do-Paraná SPANISH: araucaria, huén, pino, pino del Brasil, pino Paraná, piñón USES/NOTES: Sweet, mealy seeds and gum are edible. Related to the ornamental Norfolk Island pine (A. excelsa). NATURAL RANGE: Southern Brazil, Uruguay, and northern Argentina REFERENCES: IBGE 1980, OAS 1973, López et al. 1987, Mabberley 1987, Martin et al. 1987, Menninger 1977, Molina 1975, Soukup 1970, Uphof 1968 Araucaria araucana (Molina) K. Koch. [syn. A. imbricata Pav.] [A. imbricata possibly not conspecific with A. araucana] FAMILY: Araucariaceae (Chile pine) ENGLISH: araucaria, Chile nut, Chile pine, Chilean pine, monkey puzzle, monkey puzzle tree PORTUGUESE: araucária-do-Chile, desespero-dos-macacos, pinhão SPANISH: araucaria, araucaria de Chile, araucaria flácida, arauco, huén, pehuén, piñón USES/NOTES: Seeds are eaten and made into an alcoholic beverage. Related to the ornamental Norfolk Island pine (A. excelsa). NATURAL RANGE: Central Chile to west-central Argentina REFERENCES: Aagesen 1998, Bourke et al. 1987, CONAFOR n.d., Mabberley 1987, OAS 1973, Uphof 1968 Arbutus arizonica (A. Gray) Sarg. [syn. A. xalapensis Kunth var. arizonica A. Gray] FAMILY: Ericaceae (health) ENGLISH: Arizona madrone SPANISH: madroña, nancite macho USES/NOTES: Fruits are edible. NATURAL RANGE: Southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico to Jalisco in central Mexico REFERENCES: Luteyn 1995, Sargent 1965 DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 68
Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs Arbutus menziesii Pursh FAMILY: Ericaceae (health) ENGLISH: Pacific madrone SPANISH: madroña USES/NOTES: Soft fruits are eaten raw or cooked. NATURAL RANGE: Western North America from southern British Columbia to southern California REFERENCES: Gleason and Cronquist 1968, Kirk 1970, Munz 1974 Arbutus xalapensis Kunth [syn. A. glandulosa M. Martens & Galeotti, A. texana Buckley] FAMILY: Ericaceae (health) ENGLISH: lady legs, lady’s leg, madrone, manzanita, Mexican madrone, naked Indian, Texas madrone SPANISH: aile, auako-uri wirárika, banutzin, curibitso, jucay, madrón, madroña, madroño, manzanita, nuzundu, nuzu-ndu, panagsi, panángsuni, ro´coló, tunto, tuntu, ulúbasi, ulúbsi, urúbisi USES/NOTES: Soft, fleshy, red/orange fruit is edible. The species is threatened and is distinctive due its bright smooth red trunks and peeling bark. NATURAL RANGE: New Mexico and Texas to Nicaragua REFERENCES: Breedlove 1986, González 1990, Hazlett 1979, Kermath (notes), Luteyn 1995, Torres n.d., Tull 1978, Uphof 1968, Yanovsky 1936 Arctium lappa L. FAMILY: Asteraceae or Compositae (aster, composite, or sunflower) ENGLISH: big burdock, burrs, beggar’s buttons, edible burdock, gobo, great bur, great burdock, Japanese burdock root PORTUGUESE: bardana, bardana-maior, bardana-ordinária, gob SPANISH: bardana mayor USES/NOTES: Tender fresh roots and young leaves and stems are eaten in salads. Aging roots are eaten cooked. NATURAL RANGE: Temperate regions, perhaps first domesticated in Eurasia REFERENCES: Cronquist 1980, Duke 1992, Harris 1972, IBGE 1980, Jardim Botânico de Brasília 1990, Mabberley 1987, Munz 1974, Uphof 1968 Arctium minus Bernh. FAMILY: Asteraceae or Compositae (aster, composite, or sunflower) ENGLISH: bardana, common burdock PORTUGUESE: bardana, carrapicho, pega-pega SPANISH: bardana USES/NOTES: Leaf is edible and dried roots are a diuretic and appetite enhancer. NATURAL RANGE: Temperate Eurasia REFERENCES: Duke 1992, IBGE 1980, Usher 1974 Arctostaphylos columbiana Piper in Piper & Beattie FAMILY: Ericaceae (heath) DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 69
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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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