Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs NATURAL RANGE: Northern and eastern Amazonia to southern Venezuela and the Guianas REFERENCES: Andersson 1985, Balée 1994, Boggan et al. 1997, Duke and Vásquez 1994, Figueiredo Filho 2005, Hoyas 1989, Posey 1984, Silva et al. 1977 Philodendron bipinnatifidum (Schott) Schott [syn. P. selloum K. Koch] FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) ENGLISH: arborescent philodendron, philodendron, self-heading philodendron, selloum, split-leaf philodendron PORTUGUESE: banana-de-imbé, banana-de-macaco, cipó-de-imbé, cipóimbé, fructo-de-imbé, guimbé, imbé-de-comer, tracuá SPANISH: balazo, filodendro, guembé USES/NOTES: Red fruits are made into jellies and sweets and are much appreciated in the plant’s native range. Also, a popular landscape plant in warm regions for the tropical look of its large (to over a meter), deeply incised, dark green leaves and arborescent, or tree-like form. NATURAL RANGE: Brazil, Bolivia, northern Argentina, and eastern Paraguay REFERENCES: Crisci and Gancedo 1971, Facciola 1990, Kermath (notes), Martin et al. 1987, Mayo 1991, Plowman 1969, Ragonese and Martínez Crovetto 1947, Uphof 1968, Watkins and Sheehan 1975 Philodendron remifolium R. Schultes FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) SPANISH: be-ke-ta-po USES/NOTES: Chopped leaves are used by the Tukano of Colombia to flavor chicha, an alcoholic beverage. NATURAL RANGE: Northwestern Amazonia from Colombia’s Vaupes river valley to southern Venezuela REFERENCES: Plowman 1969 Philodendron squamiferum Poeppig & Endl. FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) SPANISH: guiambé USES/NOTES: Edible berries are siad to have a "spicey" flavor. NATURAL RANGE: Northeastern South America REFERENCES: Plowman 1969 Philodendron warszewiczii K. Koch & Bouché FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) SPANISH: cupapayo, guacamaya, mano de león USES/NOTES: Large fruits are sweet and juicy. Also medicinal. NATURAL RANGE: Southern Mexico through Central America REFERENCES: Breedlove 1986, Plowman 1969 Phoenix canariensis Hort. ex Chabaud FAMILY: Arecaceae or Palmae (palm) DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 564
Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs ENGLISH: Canary Island date palm PORTUGUESE: tamareira-das-canárias SPANISH: palma canaria USES/NOTES: Fruit is edible and sap may be made into a sweet syrup. Also important as a frost-tolerant landscape palm. NATURAL RANGE: Canary Islands REFERENCES: Bourke et al. 1987, Facciola 1990, Kunkel 1984 Phoenix dactylifera L. FAMILY: Arecaceae or Palmae (palm) ENGLISH: date, date palm, edible date PORTUGUESE: támara, tamareira, tamareira-comum SPANISH: dátil, datilera, palma datilera, palma de dátiles, palmera datilera USES/NOTES: Sweet fruits, containing 60 to 70 percent sugar, are eaten fresh, candied, in desserts, cookies, and other sweets, and are made into liqueurs, alcohol, vinegar, and the esteemed shakes of southern California. Unexposed leaf bases are eaten as palm heart. Leaves are made into knitting needles, and seeds are soaked in water and used as fodder. Though the tree grows in many environments, fruit is produced best in warm, dry climates. A popular landscape palm in frost-free regions. NATURAL RANGE: Middle East, probably Mesopotamia of Iraq REFERENCES: Bourke et al. 1987, Guia Rural n.d., Kermath (notes), Morton 1987a, Popenoe 1974, Rehm and Espig 1991, Schneider 1987, Uphof 1968 Phoenix reclinata Jacq. FAMILY: Arecaceae or Palmae (palm) ENGLISH: dwarf date palm, reclining date palm, Senegal date palm PORTUGUESE: tamareira-do-Senegal USES/NOTES: Sweet fruit pulp of this curvacious, multi-stemmed palm is edible, stems are tapped for sap to make wine, and seeds are used as a coffee substitute. Also an attractive, cold-hardy landscape palm. NATURAL RANGE: Tropical Africa, naturalized in the Americas REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, FLEPPC 2003, Martin et al. 1987, Watkins and Sheehan 1975 Pholidostachys syanthera (Mart.) H.E. Moore FAMILY: Arecaceae or Palmae (palm) PORTUGUESE: ubim, ubim uassu SPANISH: chalar, kampanak, palmicha, palmiche, palmiche grande, peco-r, wayúr mayna USES/NOTES: Heart is eaten and leaves are used for thatch. Similar to Geonoma palms. The only species of the genus in western Amazonia. NATURAL RANGE: Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and western Amazonian Brazil REFERENCES: Bennett et al. 2001, Henderson 1995, Henderson et al. 1995, Kahn and de Granville 1992 DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 565
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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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