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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kerm<strong>at</strong>h, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in <strong>the</strong> Americs<br />

ENGLISH: Douglas rabbit-brush, green rabbit-brush, rabbit brush,<br />

yellow rabbit-brush<br />

USES/NOTES: L<strong>at</strong>ex from <strong>the</strong> root has been used as chewing gum and<br />

salted flower buds have been e<strong>at</strong>en by Amerindians in New Mexico.<br />

NATURAL RANGE: Western North America from sou<strong>the</strong>rn British Columbia<br />

through California, Montana and New Mexico to Mexico<br />

REFERENCES: Moerman 1998, Uph<strong>of</strong> 1968, Yanovsky 1936<br />

Cicer arietinum L.<br />

FAMILY: Fabaceae or Leguminosae subfam. Papilionoideae (bean or pea)<br />

ENGLISH: Bengal gram, chickpea, dove’s dung, garbanzo bean, Indian<br />

pea, sparrow’s dung, yellow-gram<br />

PORTUGUESE: chicaro, ervanço, grão-de-bico, homos<br />

SPANISH: garbanza, garbanzo, gravancos<br />

USES/NOTES: Protein-rich, yellowish seeds, young sprouts, leaves, and<br />

pods are widely e<strong>at</strong>en. Seeds are e<strong>at</strong>en whole, made into flour, and<br />

mashed. Roasted roots are used as a c<strong>of</strong>fee substitute. The plant is<br />

also medicinal.<br />

NATURAL RANGE: Eastern Mediterranean, <strong>the</strong> Caucasus, or <strong>the</strong> Himalayas<br />

REFERENCES: Albala 2007, Duke 1981, Duke 1986, Guia Rural n.d., IBGE<br />

1980, Kay 1979, Leung 1961, Mabberley 1987, Singh and Singh 1992,<br />

Smartt 1976, Wiersema et al. 1990<br />

Cichorium endivia L.<br />

FAMILY: Asteraceae or Compositae (aster, composite, or sunflower)<br />

ENGLISH: endive, escarole<br />

PORTUGUESE: almeirão, chicória, escarola<br />

SPANISH: achicoria, achicoria de rizada, endibia, endivia, escarola<br />

USES/NOTES: Young leaves are added to salads or used as a<br />

vegetable.<br />

NATURAL RANGE: uncertain, possibly sou<strong>the</strong>rn Europe, India, Egypt, or<br />

China<br />

REFERENCES: Bourke et al. 1987, Guia Rural n.d., IBGE 1980, Leung<br />

1961, Mabberley 1987, Ruberté 1984, Schneider 1987, Usher 1974,<br />

Van Feu n.d.<br />

Cichorium intybus L.<br />

FAMILY: Asteraceae or Compositae (aster, composite, or sunflower)<br />

ENGLISH: Belgian endive, blue sailors, chiccory, chicory, radicchio<br />

(red-leaf variety), succory, wild chicory, wild endive, wild<br />

succory, witlo<strong>of</strong><br />

PORTUGUESE: almeirão, almeirão-selvagem, almeirão-silvestre,<br />

c<strong>at</strong>alônha, c<strong>at</strong>alônia, chicória-amarga, chicória-selvagem,<br />

escarola, radite<br />

SPANISH: achicoria, achicoria amarga, achicoria de bruselas,<br />

achicoria silvestre, almirón, amargón, ambubeya, barbaja,<br />

camaroja, camarroya, chicoria, endivia, hierba de café, xicoria<br />

USES/NOTES: Roots are e<strong>at</strong>en roasted or ground and used like c<strong>of</strong>fee,<br />

<strong>of</strong>ten blended with c<strong>of</strong>fee, and leaves are e<strong>at</strong>en uncooked in<br />

salads or cooked as a vegetable.<br />

DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE<br />

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