Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs USES/NOTES: Amerindians of Guyana and the Ka’apor of eastern Amazonian Brazil eat the fruit, which can be sweet. The alkaloid containing plant is used in folk medicine. NATURAL RANGE: Amazonian Ecuador and Peru through Brazil southern Venezuela, and Guyana REFERENCES: Alves Rodrigues et al. 2002, Balée 1994, Barfod 1987, Johnston and Colquhoun 1996, Leitão Filho 1992, MBG n.d., Mitchell 1993, Steyermark et al. 1995, UFA/NYBG n.d., Vásquez 1997 Tapirira retusa Ducke FAMILY: Anacardiaceae (cashew or poison ivy) SPANISH: cuilde blanco, huira caspi, tijeras ango muyo, wira caspi USES/NOTES: Fruit is edible. NATURAL RANGE: Amazonian Peru and Ecuador and perhaps beyond REFERENCES: Brako and Zarucchi 1993, Duke and Vásquez 1994, MBG n.d., Vásquez 1997 Tapura amazonica Poeppig & Endl. FAMILY: Dichapetalaceae (dichapetalum) PORTUGUESE: pau-de-bicho SPANISH: aguen catohue, awencatomo, bejuco, motecillo, wisa nañay USES/NOTES: The Waorani of Ecuador eat the fruit. NATURAL RANGE: Amazonian Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Brazil and southern Venezuela REFERENCES: Amaral et al. 1998, Davis and Yost 1983, MBG n.d., Prance 1972b Taraxacum officinale G. Weber ex Wigg. FAMILY: Asteraceae or Compositae (aster, composite, or sunflower) ENGLISH: common dandelion, dandelion PORTUGUESE: dente-de-leão, radice-bravo, taraxaco SPANISH: amargón, charan pilli, diente de león, pelosilla, pelusilla, serraja, taraxacón USES/NOTES: Young leaves, rich in vitamin A, are eaten as a salad green or cooked vegetable, roasted and ground roots are used like coffee, flowers are eaten fried, and unopened flower buds are eaten cooked or pickled like capers (Capparis spinosa). Flowers are also made into wine. Underground parts are medicinal. NATURAL RANGE: Temperate regions of the Old World, now a cosmopolitan weed REFERENCES: Bourke et al. 1987, Duke 1986, Duke 1992, Duke 1997, Franquemont et al. 1990, Guia Rural n.d., IBGE 1980, Kermath (notes), Leung 1961, Peterson 1977, Schneider 1987 Taxus baccata L. and T. cuspidata Siebold & Zucc. [syn. T. baccata subsp. cuspidata (Siebold & Zucc.) Pilg.] FAMILY: Taxaceae (yew) or Cephalotaxaceae (plum yew) ENGLISH: English yew (T. baccata), Japanese yew (T. cuspidata), yew PORTUGUESE: teixo DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 756
Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs USES/NOTES: Soft, red fruit arils, about 1 cm in diameter, are edible fresh or preserved, though seeds and other plant parts contain the highly toxic poison taxine. Both cultivated as ornamentals. A brown dye is obtained from the wood of T. cuspidata. NATURAL RANGE: Eurasia REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, FNAEC 1993, Kunkel 1984, Tanaka 1976, Usher 1974, Uphof 1968 Taxus canadensis Marshall FAMILY: Taxaceae (yew) or Cephalotaxaceae (plum yew) ENGLISH: American yew, Canada yew, ground-hemlock, yew USES/NOTES: Fleshy red aril is sweet, though seeds and other plant parts contain taxine, a highly toxic, alkaloid that slows the heart and must be avoided. NATURAL RANGE: Eastern Canada and northeastern U.S. to Kentucky and eastern Iowa, becoming rare in much of its U.S. range REFERENCES: FNAEC 1993, Peterson 1977, Tomikel 1986, Uphof 1968 Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth FAMILY: Bignoniaceae (bignonia or trumpet vine) ENGLISH: ginger-thomas, trumpet bush, yellow bells, yellow elder, yellow trumpet bush, yellow trumpet flower PORTUGUESE: ipê SPANISH: bapsarukua, cameri, corneta amarilla, esperanza, flor de noche, flor de San Pedro, giabiche, gloria, guibelchi, hierba de San Juan, hierba de San Nicolás, hierba de San Pedro, hoja de baño, istamasúchil, ixnotl, k´anlol, kanló, kusí urákame, lluvia de oro, matilimi, mazorca, miñona, miñona, nixtamalxochitl, nixtamaxochitl, nixtamaxuchiltl, palo de arco, retama, San Andres, trompeta, trompetilla, tronadora, tulasuchil, yuku-ñini USES/NOTES: Cultivated mainly as an ornamental for its showy yellow flowers, though an aromatic extract from an undetermined plant part reportedly is used to flavor syrups. The plant is also medicinal. NATURAL RANGE: Arid regions from Texas and Arizona to Argentina, naturalized in other warm areas REFERENCES: Bye 1985, Torres n.d. Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers. FAMILY: Fabaceae of Leguminosae subfam. Papilionoideae (bean or pea) ENGLISH: purple tephrosia SPANISH: brusca cimarrona, indigo USES/NOTES: Roots are said to be used as a flavoring agent in Africa and seeds may be used like coffee (Coffea spp.). Also used as green manure in agricultural fields. NATURAL RANGE: Southern Texas to Brazil REFERENCES: Adams 1972, Facciola 1990, Uphof 1968 Terminalia catappa L. DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 757
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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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