Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs
NATURAL RANGE: Argentina, southern Brazil, and Paraguay
REFERENCES: Uphof 1968
Ilex cassine L.
FAMILY: Aquifoliaceae (holly)
ENGLISH: cassena, cassina, cassine, Christmas berry, dahoon, dahoon
holly
SPANISH: acebo
USES/NOTES: Dried and generally roasted leaves were crushed and made
into a caffeine-free tea by the Creek people. Caution is advised,
however, as ill side effects may result. Berries can cause nausea
and diarrhea and should not be consumed.
NATURAL RANGE: Southeastern U.S., coastal plain from possibly Virginia,
to southern Florida, to southeastern Texas, portions of the
Bahamas, and Cuba
REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Facciola 1990, Fernald et al. 1958,
Godfrey 1988, Kermath (notes), Kunkel 1984, Mabberley 1987, Medsger
1939, Morton 1977, Peterson 1977, Uphof 1968, Wunderlin and
Poppleton 1977, Yanovsky 1936
Ilex conocarpa Reissek
FAMILY: Aquifoliaceae (holly)
USES/NOTES: Leaves, often mixed with those of I. paraguariensis, are
used to make maté, a pleasant, tea-like beverage.
NATURAL RANGE: Brazil
REFERENCES: Uphof 1968
Ilex glabra (L.) A. Gray
FAMILY: Aquifoliaceae (holly)
ENGLISH: Appalachian tea, bitter gallberry, gallberry, inkberry,
winterberry
USES/NOTES: Leaves can be used to make a caffeine-containing tea.
Flowers are a honey source.
NATURAL RANGE: Wet areas of North America’s coastal plain from Nova
Scotia, to Florida, to eastern Texas
REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Facciola 1990, Fernald et al. 1958,
Gibbons and Tucker 1979, Watkins & Sheehan 1975, Wunderlin and
Poppleton 1977, Yanovsky 1936
Ilex guayusa Loes.
FAMILY: Aquifoliaceae (holly)
PORTUGUESE: congonha, mate-falso
SPANISH: guayusa
USES/NOTES: Caffeine-rich leaves are brewed into a stimulating tea,
consumed alone or blended with alcoholic and other beverages. Also
used to "cleanse" the body and to relieve hangovers and the ill
side effects of the halucinigen ayahuasca (Banisteriopsis caapi).
NATURAL RANGE: Eastern slopes of the central Andes
DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE
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