Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench [syn. S. vulgare Pers., Andropogon sorghum (L.) Brot., Holchus sorghum L.] and S. bicolor subsp. arundinaceum (Desv.) de Wet & Harlan ex Davidse FAMILY: Gramineae or Poaceae (grass) ENGLISH: cane sorghum, durra, great millet, Guinea corn, Indian millet, kafir corn, milo, sorghum, sorgo, sweet sorghum PORTUGUESE: alpista (subsp. arundinaceum), sorgo SPANISH: alboroto, caña dulce, challu, durra, durrá, escoba, maicillo, millo, maíz de Guinea, maíz guineo, maíz millo, maíz morocho, panizo moruno, sorgo, trigo USES/NOTES: Seeds are eaten and stems (or canes) contain sweet sap that is made into syrup, molasses, or alcoholic beverages. Also grown as a forage crop. NATURAL RANGE: Nile Valley (Ethiopia or Sudan), or possibly central India REFERENCES: Anderson and Martin 1949, Bourke et al. 1987, Duke 1986, Facciola 1990, Guia Rural n.d., OAS 1973, Purseglove 1972, UFA/NYBG n.d., Usher 1974 Sorocea guilleminiana Gaudich. and S. muriculata Miq. FAMILY: Moraceae (mulberry) PORTUGUESE: guariúba, inharezinho (S. muriculata), jaca-bravapequena (S. guilleminiana), pama (S. muriculata) USES/NOTES: Fruit is eaten by Amazonian forest dwellers. NATURAL RANGE: Amazonia REFERENCES: Anderson and Posey 1989, Boom 1989, Kainer and Duryea 1992, UFA/NYBG n.d. Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. ex Gray FAMILY: Sparganiaceae (bur reed) ENGLISH: giant bur reed USES/NOTES: Sweet tubers have been eaten by Amerindians. NATURAL RANGE: Northern North America REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Uphof 1968, Yanovsky 1936 Spathiphyllum friedrichsthalii Schott FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) SPANISH: güisnay, huisnay USES/NOTES: Young inflorescences are eaten cooked. NATURAL RANGE: Central America to Colombia REFERENCES: Coe 1994, Plowman 1969, Standley 1931 Spathiphyllum phryniifolium Schott FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) ENGLISH: busnay SPANISH: busnay, gusnay, huisnay USES/NOTES: Tender green shoots, inflorescences, very young leaves, and ripe spadices are eaten cooked. Sold in markets. NATURAL RANGE: Nicaragua through Colombia REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Facciola 1990, Plowman 1969 DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 732
Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs Spergula arvensis L. [syn. S. sativa Boenn.] FAMILY: Caryophyllaceae (carnation) ENGLISH: corn spurry, spurry, toadflax PORTUGUESE: esparguta, espérgula SPANISH: maleza arvense USES/NOTES: Oil is used in margarine and cheese. Also fed to animals. NATURAL RANGE: Europe, naturalized in temperate regions REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Guia Rural n.d., Uphof 1968 Spergularia rubra (L.) J. Presl FAMILY: Caryophyllaceae (carnation) ENGLISH: sand spurry PORTUGUESE: espérgula USES/NOTES: Seeds are an emergency food. NATURAL RANGE: Europe, naturalized in North America REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Uphof 1968 Spinacia oleracea L. FAMILY: Amaranthaceae (amaranth or pigweed), previously Chenopodiaceae (goosefoot) ENGLISH: common spinach, epinard, spinach PORTUGUESE: espinafre, espinafre-europeu, espinafre-japonês, orenção, orenço SPANISH: espinaca USES/NOTES: Leaves are the spinach of commerce, eaten cooked or in salads. NATURAL RANGE: Southwest Asia, probably Iran REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, Guia Rural n.d., Guia Rural 1990, IBGE 1980, Schneider 1987, Yamaguchi 1983 Spiraea beauverdiana C. Schneider FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: Alaska spiraea USES/NOTES: Leaves are made into tea. NATURAL RANGE: Northeastern Asia and Alaska REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, Kunkel 1984 Spiraea pyramidata E. Greene FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: pyramid spiraea USES/NOTES: Leaves, stems, and flowers are made into tea. NATURAL RANGE: Northwestern North America REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, Yanovsky 1936 Spondias dulcis Parkinson [syn. S. cytherea Sonn.] FAMILY: Anacardiaceae (cashew or poison ivy) DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 733
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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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