Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs ENGLISH: bow wood, hedge apple, osage orange USES/NOTES: Although no part of the plant is edible, extracts can be used as food preservatives. Roots are the source of a yellow dye and leaves are fed to silkworms. M. pomifera is the only Maclura species according to Bailey Hortorium, FNAEC, and Mabberley. Reports of Maclura spp. have appeared under Chlorophora tinctoria, which is here treated as Maclura tinctoria. NATURAL RANGE: Southern Arkansas, eastern Oklahoma, and northeastern Texas, naturalized sporadically in warm, humid regions, especially the southeastern U.S. REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Chopra et al. 1986, FNAEC 1997, Godfrey 1988, Mabberley 1987, Nelson 1994, Usher 1974 Maclura tinctoria (L.) D. Don ex Steud. [syn. Broussonetia xanthoxylum Mart., Broussonetia xanthoxylon (L.) Mart., Chlorophora tinctoria (L.) Gaudin ex Benth. in Benth. & Hook.f., Morus tinctoria L.] [C. tinctoria (L.) Gaudin ex B.D. Jackson listed under Maclura tinctoria (L.) Steudel subsp. tinctoria in Brako and Zarucchi & Maclura tinctoria (L.) Gaudin in Duke and Vásquez] [Maclura mora Griseb. used by Martin et al. may be M. tinctoria, or possibly Chlorophora brasiliensis (Mart.) Standley ex J.F. Macbride, which is listed under Maclura brasiliensis (Mart.) Endl. by Brako and Zarucchi] FAMILY: Moraceae (mulberry) ENGLISH: fustic, fustic tree, old fustic, osage orange PORTUGUESE: amarelinho, amoeira-de-espinho, amora, amora-branca, amora-de-espinho, amora-do-mato, amoreira, amoreira-amarela, amoreira-branca, amoreira-brava, amoreira-de-espinho, amoreira-docampo, amoreira-do-mato, espinheiro-branco, espinheiro-bravo, itajuba, jataíba, jatauba, limaorama, limaorama-amarelo, limorama, mora-de-espinho, moratama, moreira, moreira-branca, pau-amarelo, pau-brasil, pau-de-cores, pau-de-fogo, runa, taiuva, taiúva, taiuva-vermelha, tajauba, tajiba, tajuba, tajuba-de-espinho, tajuva, tajuvao, tataiba, tataiuva, tatajiba, tatajuba, tatajubade-espinho, tatajuca, tatajuva, tatane, tatarema, tauba SPANISH: amarillo, brasil, charo, cordoncillo, dinde, fustete, incira, insira, insira amarilla, išúk, iwšúk, limulana, lóxuk, lunda-e quec, mono, mora, moradilla, moral, moral fino, moral fustete, morilla, moro, palo amarillo, palo de Cuba, palo de mora, palo mora, tataguiba, tataybá, tatayibá, tatayieva, tatayiva, tatayvá, tsachik, yaga-huil, yaga-hui USES/NOTES: Spiny shrub to medium sized tree’s rough skinned, juicy fruits (~1cm) are eaten out of hand locally in some areas, though also reported as “caustic.” Missionaries in Paraguay use the fruit to make pie. Heartwood is the source of fustic, a yellow to orange/red dye. Several plant parts are also used medicinally and the tree is cultivated as a living fence. Sticky latex is abundant upon cutting and is medicinal. The taxonomic nomenclature is not DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 444
Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs clear; the taxon may be best treated as Chlorophora tinctoria subsp. tinctoria. NATURAL RANGE: Neotropics from central Mexico and the West Indies to northern Argentina, introduced elsewhere REFERENCES: Adams 1972, Alcorn 1984, Bernardi 1985, Bourke et al. 1987, Brako and Zarucchi 1993, Burger 1977, Carvalho 1994, Duke and Vásquez 1994, Espejo Serna et al. n.d., Foster 1958, Mabberley 1987, Martin et al. 1987, Martínez et al. 2001, MBG n.d., Molina 1975, OAS 1973, Schulenberg and Awbrey 1997, Silva et al. 1977, UFA/NYBG n.d. Macoubea guianensis Aublet [syn. M. wititorum R. Schultes] FAMILY: Apocynaceae (dogbane) ENGLISH: pequia nut PORTUGUESE: pequiá, pitiá SPANISH: amapa, jarabe huayo, loro micuna USES/NOTES: Fruit and nut are edible and the wood is used for lumber. NATURAL RANGE: Tropical Brazil, the Guianas, Colombia, and Peru REFERENCES: Brako & Zarucchi 1993, Duke and Vásquez 1994, Martin et al. 1987, Smith et al. 1992, Voeks 1996 Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urban [syn. Phaseolus lathyroides L.] FAMILY: Fabaceae or Leguminosae subfam. Papilionoideae (bean or pea) ENGLISH: phasemy bean USES/NOTES: Seeds are edible. NATURAL RANGE: Tropics and subtropics, in the Americas from Paraguay and Bolivia to the Caribbean, Mexico, and the southeastern U.S. REFERENCES: Barroso 1965, Facciola 1990, Howard 1988 Magnolia grandiflora L. FAMILY: Magnoliaceae (magnolia) ENGLISH: bullbay, loblolly magnolia, magnolia, southern magnolia SPANISH: magnolio, yolosuchil USES/NOTES: Flowers reportedly have been eaten pickled or dried and ground as a spice. NATURAL RANGE: Southeastern U.S. from North Carolina and Tennessee south through Florida and west to eastern Texas REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, Godfrey 1988, Leggatt 1987, Nelson 1994 Magnolia virginiana L. FAMILY: Magnoliaceae (magnolia) ENGLISH: laurel magnolia, magnolia, swampbay, sweetbay, sweetbay magnolia, whitebay USES/NOTES: Leaves are said to be used as a spice or for tea. NATURAL RANGE: Southeastern U.S. west to Missouri REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, Godfrey 1988, Medsger 1939, Nelson 1994, Tull 1978 DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 445
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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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