Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs
SPANISH: balsamina/o (M. balsamina), bejuco pepino (M. charantia),
cundeamor, cundiamor, kum de amor, melón, momórdiga, papailla,
sorosi
USES/NOTES: Young fruits, especially of M. charantia, are eaten
cooked. Young shoots are used as a vegetable in Asia. Sap,
leaves, fruit, and stems are medicinal, fruit to regulate blood
sugar.
NATURAL RANGE: Old World tropics, perhaps India, widely established
in warm regions
REFERENCES: Adams 1972, Austin and Bourne 1992, Ayala Flores 1984,
Bourke et al. 1987, Branch and Silva 1983, Coe 1994, Duke 1997,
Duke and Vásquez 1994, FUDENA n.d., IBGE 1980, León 1987, Leung
1961, Mabberley 1987, Morton 1967, Niembro Rocas 1992, Omawale
1973, Price 1990, Purseglove 1968, Rehm and Espig 1991, Usher
1974, Voeks 1997, von Reis Altschul and Lipp 1982
Monarda citridora Cerv. ex Lagerh.
FAMILY: Labiatae or Lamiaceae (mint)
ENGLISH: lemon beebalm, lemon mint, monarda
USES/NOTES: The Hopi people ate the leaves with meat.
NATURAL RANGE: Southern and south-central U.S. into northern Mexico
REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Uphof 1968, Yanovsky 1936
Monarda didyma L. [syn. M. menthaefolia Graham]
FAMILY: Labiatae or Lamiaceae (mint)
ENGLISH: bee balm, beebalm, bergamot tea, horse mint, monarda,
Oswego beebalm, Oswego-tea, red bergamot, scarlet beebalm, wild
bergamot
PORTUGUESE: bergamota, hortelã silvestre
SPANISH: hierbabuena, menta
USES/NOTES: Leaves and flower heads are used as a vegetable, a
condiment, a beverage tea, and a medicinal tea to treat stomach
complaints and to aid in menstruation. Leaves are also used for
chewing or as a cooking spice like oregano. Leaf oil is used
medicinally and in perfumes. The tea was one of the teas used as
a substitute following the Boston Tea Party.
NATURAL RANGE: North America
REFERENCES: Harris 1972, Mabberley 1987, Peterson 1977, Taylor 1970,
Usher 1974, Yanovsky 1936
Monarda fistulosa L.
FAMILY: Labiatae or Lamiaceae (mint)
ENGLISH: American horsemint, beebalm, bergamot, fern mint,
horsemint, mintleaf beebalm, monarda, Oswego-tea, plains beebalm,
plains lemon monarda, wild bergamot beebalm, wild bergamot
horsemint
USES/NOTES: Leaves and flower heads are used for tea or as a
seasoning, and are chewed fresh or dried to freshen breath.
NATURAL RANGE: New England to Georgia and Texas
REFERENCES: Duke 1997, Facciola 1990, Kindscher 1987, Peterson 1977
DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE
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