Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs sweetened with sugar, sometimes fermented (known in Brazil as açaituira), kernel oil is medicinal and used for cooking, and terminal leaf buds and hearts are of good flavor and texture, highly sought after for the commercial palm heart industry. Numbers of wild plants are diminishing because of over-harvest. E. oleracea is thought to be more sustainable due to its cespitose (multi-stemmed) form. Leaf is used for thatch, to make brooms, and in the floral industry. Plant wastes are used to raise edible grubs known as suri in Spanish-speaking Amazonia. Also a graceful ornamental. NATURAL RANGE: Amazonia through Venezuela and Colombia, north into southern Belize REFERENCES: Anderson 1988, Bernal 1992, Boom 1987, Boom 1989, Cavalcante 1991, Duke and Vásquez 1994, Henderson 1995, Henderson et al. 1995, IBGE 1980, Gómez-Beloz 2002, Kahn and de Granville 1992, Kermath (notes), León 1987, Silva et al. 1977, Strudwick and Sobel 1988 Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt. [syn. Solidago graminifolia (L.) Salisb.] FAMILY: Asteraceae or Compositae (aster, composite, or sunflower) ENGLISH: fragrant goldenrod USES/NOTES: Leaves are used for tea. NATURAL RANGE: North America REFERENCES: Cronquist 1980, Facciola 1990 Exellodendron barbatum (Ducke) Prance FAMILY: Chrysobalanaceae (coco plum) USES/NOTES: Drupes are eaten by the Ka’apor people of Brazil. NATURAL RANGE: Southern Venezuela, the Guianas, and eastern Amazonian Brazil REFERENCES: Balée 1994, Steyermark et al. 1995 Eysenhardtia polystachya (Ortega) Sarg. [syn. Viborquia polystachya Ortega] FAMILY: Fabaceae or Leguminosae subfam. Papilionoideae (bean or pea) ENGLISH: Arizona kidneywood, kidneywood SPANISH: árbol de palo dulce, coatillo, coatl, cohuatli, cualadulce, cuate, cuate blanco, cuatle, lanaé, cuate macho, palo azul, palo cuate, palo dulce, palo santo, rosilla, taray, tlapahuaxpatli, ursa, vara dulce, varaduz, yitu bishi USES/NOTES: Cooked inflorescence reportedly is edible and sold in local markets. NATURAL RANGE: Disjunct distribution from southern Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas in the U.S. to Oaxaca, Mexico REFERENCES: CMCDG n.d., Hersch-Martínez 1995, McVaugh 1987, Sousa et al. 2003, Torres n.d. Fagopyrum esculentum Moench [syn. F. sagittatum L.] DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 316
Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs FAMILY: Polygonaceae (buckwheat) ENGLISH: buckwheat, kangra buckwheat PORTUGUESE: sarraceno, trigo-mourisco, trigo-preto, trigo-sarraceno SPANISH: alforfón, alforjón, trigo-sarraceno USES/NOTES: Kernals are edible as a cereal grain, or used for flour or to make beer, seedlings are added to salads, and leaves are eaten cooked. Also used as a ground-cover, a green manure, and an animal feed. NATURAL RANGE: Nepal to Siberia REFERENCES: Bianchini and Corbetta 1976, Duke 1986, Guia Rural n.d., IBGE 1980, Mabberley 1987, Rehm and Espig 1991, Sturtevant 1972, Uphof 1968 Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertner FAMILY: Polygonaceae (buckwheat) ENGLISH: duck wheat, Siberian buckwheat, tatarian buckwheat, tartary buckwheat PORTUGUESE: trigo-mourisco, trigo-preto, trigo-sarraceno SPANISH: alforfón, alforjón, trigo-sarraceno USES/NOTES: Seeds are made into flour. NATURAL RANGE: Nepal to Siberia REFERENCES: Duke 1986, Fernald 1950, Fernald et al. 1958, Guia Rural n.d., Mabberley 1987, Rehm and Espig 1991, Sturtevant 1972, Uphof 1968 Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. FAMILY: Fagaceae (beech or oak) ENGLISH: American beech, beech, beechnut USES/NOTES: Edible buds and nuts occasionally are sold in markets. Nuts are eaten roasted whole or as flour, are a quality oil source, and may be used like coffee (Coffea spp.). NATURAL RANGE: Eastern North America from southern Ontario to northern Florida and Texas REFERENCES: FNAEC 1993, Harris 1972, Nelson 1994, Peterson 1977, Tomikel 1986, Uphof 1968 Fagus sylvatica L. FAMILY: Fagaceae (beech or oak) ENGLISH: beech, European beech, faia PORTUGUESE: landes-de-faia SPANISH: faia, haya, landes de faia USES/NOTES: Nuts are eaten roasted, oil is used for cooking, in soaps, or for illumination, and wood is used as charcoal. Wood also has been used for Windsor chairs in Chiltens, England. Occasionally cultivated in North America. NATURAL RANGE: Europe to Central Asia REFERENCES: Bourke et al. 1987, Duke 1989, FNAEC 1993, Harris 1972, Mabberley 1987, Schneider 1987, Usher 1974, Uphof 1968 Faramea capillipes Müell. Arg. DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 317
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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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