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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kerm<strong>at</strong>h, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in <strong>the</strong> Americs<br />

Quercus gemin<strong>at</strong>a Small [syn. Q. virginiana Miller var. gemin<strong>at</strong>a<br />

(Small) Sargent]<br />

FAMILY: Fagaceae (beech or oak)<br />

ENGLISH: sand live oak<br />

USES/NOTES: Elong<strong>at</strong>ed acorns, which generally come in pairs (hence <strong>the</strong><br />

specific name), are <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sweet white group <strong>of</strong> oaks and are edible<br />

after leaching to remove bitterness. Attractive, long-lived tree<br />

with its sprawling curvaceous limbs, similar to, though generally<br />

smaller than <strong>the</strong> live oak (Q. virginiana), is underutilized as a<br />

landscape specimen.<br />

NATURAL RANGE: Coastal sou<strong>the</strong>astern U.S. from sou<strong>the</strong>astern Virginia<br />

through Louisiana<br />

REFERENCES: FNAEC 1997, Godfrey 1988, Hall 1989, Kerm<strong>at</strong>h (notes)<br />

Quercus lob<strong>at</strong>a Née<br />

FAMILY: Fagaceae (beech or oak)<br />

ENGLISH: California white oak, valley oak<br />

USES/NOTES: Acorns can be e<strong>at</strong>en after leaching to remove bitter<br />

tannins.<br />

NATURAL RANGE: California endemic<br />

REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Clarke 1977, FNAEC 1997, Mabberley<br />

1987, Uph<strong>of</strong> 1968, Yanovsky 1936<br />

Quercus macrocarpa Michaux [syn. Q. iberica nomen illegit.]<br />

FAMILY: Fagaceae (beech or oak)<br />

ENGLISH: burr oak, mossy-cup oak<br />

USES/NOTES: Nuts, said to be among <strong>the</strong> best acorns for e<strong>at</strong>ing, are<br />

prepared by leacing, <strong>the</strong>n cooking in a variety <strong>of</strong> foods including<br />

soups and breads.<br />

NATURAL RANGE: Nor<strong>the</strong>astern to central and south-central North America<br />

REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Facciola 1990, Fernald et al. 1958,<br />

FNAEC 1997, Yanovsky 1936<br />

Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm.<br />

FAMILY: Fagaceae (beech or oak)<br />

ENGLISH: chinkapin oak, chinquapin oak, yellow chestnut oak<br />

USES/NOTES: Sweet acorns are e<strong>at</strong>en roasted.<br />

NATURAL RANGE: Eastern to south-central North America from sou<strong>the</strong>rn<br />

Ontario to Florida, New Mexico, and nor<strong>the</strong>rn Mexico<br />

REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, Fernald 1950, FNAEC 1997, Godfrey 1988<br />

Quercus nigra L.<br />

FAMILY: Fagaceae (beech or oak)<br />

ENGLISH: possum oak, w<strong>at</strong>er oak<br />

USES/NOTES: Acorns, though <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> bitter black group, have been e<strong>at</strong>en<br />

after thoroughly leaching to remove tannins.<br />

NATURAL RANGE: Sou<strong>the</strong>astern U.S.<br />

REFERENCES: FNAEC 1997, Mabberley 1987, Uph<strong>of</strong> 1968, Yanovsky 1936<br />

DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE<br />

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