Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs PORTUGUESE: framboesa, framboesa-vermelha SPANISH: churdón, frambuesa, frambueso, mora, zarzamora USES/NOTES: Fruits are eaten raw or used to make preserves, flavorings and liqueurs, leaves are used as a medicinal tea, and young shoots are eaten as a vegetable. NATURAL RANGE: Europe and Asia, or North America REFERENCES: Bourke et al. 1987, Harrington 1967, IBGE 1980, Mabberley 1987, Schneider 1987, Uphof 1968, Usher 1974, Yanovsky 1936 Rubus laciniatus Willd. FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: cut-leaved blackberry, Oregon evergreen blackberry USES/NOTES: Fruits are edible. NATURAL RANGE: Europe, naturalized in western North America REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, Mabberley 1987, Sturtevant 1972 Rubus leucodermis Douglas and Torrey ex A. Gray FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: western raspberry, white bark raspberry USES/NOTES: Tastey fruits are edible, leaves are made into tea, and young shoots are edible. NATURAL RANGE: Westren North America REFERENCES: Clarke 1977, Facciola 1990, Medsger 1939, Sturtevant 1972 Rubus x loganobaccus Bailey [natural hybrid of R. ursinus x R. idaeus] FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: loganberry SPANISH: frambuesa americana USES/NOTES: Fruit is consumed as juice or syrup. NATURAL RANGE: North America, probably California REFERENCES: Brouk 1975, Johns and Stevenson 1985 Rubus niveus Thunb. FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: Ceylon raspberry, hill raspberry, mysore raspberry SPANISH: fresa de monte USES/NOTES: Fruits are edible. NATURAL RANGE: India through southern China, Southeast Asia, and the Philippines, widely naturalized in the tropics and most nearly frost free regions of the subtropics REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, Mabberley 1987, Nelson 1996, Sommeijer et al. n.d., Sturtevant 1972 Rubus nubigenus Kunth [syn. R. macrocarpus Benth., R. stipularis Benth.] FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: Colombian berry, Colombian giant blackberry SPANISH: frambuesa, mora USES/NOTES: Fruits are eaten out of hand, in desserts, or preserved. DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 672
Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs NATURAL RANGE: Colombian Andes, possibly to Peru REFERENCES: León 1987, Martin et al. 1987, Uphof 1968 Rubus occidentalis L. FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: black raspberry, blackcap, thimbleberry PORTUGUESE: framboesa SPANISH: mora, morera USES/NOTES: Dark fruits are eaten out of hand, in sherbet and ice cream, or preserved, young shoots are eaten as a vegetable, and leaves and bark are used for tea. NATURAL RANGE: Eastern and central North America from Oklahoma and eastern Colorado to North Dakota east throughout to Georgia, Maine, and Quebec REFERENCES: Uphof 1968, USDA-NRCS 2004, Yanovsky 1936 Rubus odoratus L. FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: flowering raspberry, purple-flowering raspberry, roseflowering raspberry, thimbleberry USES/NOTES: Fruits are eaten occasionally. NATURAL RANGE: Eastern North America REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Facciola 1990, Yanovsky 1936 Rubus ostryifolius Rydb. FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: dewberry, highbush blackberry USES/NOTES: Leaves are nade into tea and shoots and fruits are edible. NATURAL RANGE: Great Plains of the U.S. and Canada REFERENCES: Kindscher 1987 Rubus parviflorus Nutt. FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: salmonberry, thimbleberry, white-flowering raspberry USES/NOTES: Fruits are eaten with dried salmon eggs in northwestern U.S. and fresh or cooked elsewhere. Leaves are used for tea. NATURAL RANGE: Westrn North America from Alaska to northern Mexico REFERENCES: Harrington 1967, Hultén 1968, Yanovsky 1936 Rubus parvifolius L. FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: Japanese raspberry, trailing raspberry USES/NOTES: Fruits are edible. NATURAL RANGE: Asia, widely naturalized in North America REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, Wiersema and León 1999 Rubus pedatus Sm. FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: creeping raspberry, trailing wild raspberry USES/NOTES: Sweet, juicy fruits are edible. DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 673
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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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