Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Facciola 1990 Pyrus calleryana Decne. FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: Bradford pear, callery pear, flowering pear, red-spire USES/NOTES: Fruits are edible. Also used as a rootstock and a landscape specimen despite its tendency to split easily. NATURAL RANGE: China, naturalized in North America REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, Neary 1998, Nelson 1994, von Reis Altschul 1973 Pyrus communis L. FAMILY: Rosaceae (rose) ENGLISH: pear PORTUGUESE: pêra, vergamota SPANISH: pera, peral USES/NOTES: Cultivated for millennia, dessert quality, sweet fruit is the pear of commerce. NATURAL RANGE: Southeastern Europe to southwestern Asia, perhaps the Balkans, Greece, or Turkey, naturalized in North America REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Bourke et al. 1987, Guia Rural n.d., Usher 1974 Qualea paraensis Ducke [also Q. acuminata Spruce ex Warming, Q. parviflora Mart.] FAMILY: Vochysiaceae (vochysia) PORTUGUESE: mandioqueira, mandioqueira-escamosa, mandioqueiravermelha, pau-terra (Q. parviflora) USES/NOTES: Fruit is edible. Also medicinal. NATURAL RANGE: Amazonia, Q. paraensis from upland forests, Q. acuminata along water margins REFERENCES: Anderson and Posey 1989, Boom 1989, Jardim Botânico de Brasília 1989, Silva et al. 1977 Quararibea funebris (Llave) Vischer [syn. Q. fieldii Millsp.] FAMILY: Malvaceae (mallow), previously Bombacaceae (silk-cotton) SPANISH: canela, molinillo, saha USES/NOTES: Flowers are used to flavor chocolate beverages, especially tejate used as a medicinal beverage. Leaves are sold as a spice in markets of Veracruz, Mexico. Flowers contain the alkaloids funebral and funebrine, both similar to drugs used to combat convulsions. NATURAL RANGE: Lowland tropics of southern Mexico and Belize through Costa Rica REFERENCES: Ibarra-Manríquez et al. 1997, Mabberley 1987, MBG n.d., Uphof 1968, West 1992 Quararibea wittii Schumann & Ulbr. FAMILY: Malvaceae (mallow), previously Bombacaceae (silk-cotton) SPANISH: bara muyo, chucula caspi, nenepekago, nenepekawe, sapotillo, yurac saputi DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 644
Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs USES/NOTES: Yellowish fruit is edible. NATURAL RANGE: Amazonian Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru REFERENCES: MBG n.d., Pinedo-Vásquez et al. 1992, Renner et al. 1990 Quassia amara L. [syn. Q. simarouba L.f., Simarouba amara Aublet, Simarouba glauca DC., Zwingera amara (Aublet) Willd.] FAMILY: Simaroubaceae (quassia) ENGLISH: bitter damson, bitterwood, dysentery bark, paradise tree, quassia wood, simarouba, stave wood, Surinam quassia FRENCH: bois amer, bois blanc, bois frene, bois negresse, simaba PORTUGUESE: caixeta, cajú-rana, marubá, marupá, marupá-preto, pitomba, quassia, simarouba, tamanqueira SPANISH: aceituna, aceituno, amargo, cedro blanco, chiriguana, cuassia, daguilla, gavilán, hombre grande, Juan Primero, jucumico, kininu, malacacheta, marupa, negrito, palo amargo, palo blanco, palo huaco, quassia, quina de Cayena, robleceillo USES/NOTES: Bark is a source of a bitter flavoring used in beverages as a substitute for quinine (Cinchona spp.). Root bark is medicinal. Fruit pulp reportadly is edible and seeds contain an oil used in bitters. Extracts have been used effectively to treat dysentery and other ailments. NATURAL RANGE: coastal hammocks of central and southern Florida, the Bahamas, the West Indies, Mexico, Central America, and tropical South America REFERENCES: Adams 1972, Balick et al. 1996, Bourke et al. 1987, Facciola 1990, Lakela and Wunderlin 1980, Mabberley 1987, Martin et al. 1987, Nelson 1994, OAS 1973, Rankin de Mérona et al. 1992, Rehm and Espig 1991, Silva et al. 1977, Taylor 2002, UFA/NYBG n.d. Quercus agrifolia Née FAMILY: Fagaceae (beech or oak) ENGLISH: California field oak, California live oak, coast live oak USES/NOTES: Acorns have been eaten in breads and soups after leaching to remove bitter tannins. NATURAL RANGE: Coastal California into northern Baja California REFERENCES: Bailey Hortorium 1976, Clarke 1977, Facciola 1990, FNAEC 1997, Yanovsky 1936 Quercus alba L. FAMILY: Fagaceae (beech or oak) ENGLISH: eastern white oak, white oak SPANISH: encino, roble blanco de América USES/NOTES: Nutritious acorns are of the sweeter white oak group, and have been used as a food source, generally dried, leached, then mashed for use in soups and breads. Oak wood from various species have been used for barrels to age other beverages and in barbeques to cook other foods. In both cases, oak flavor is imparted on the other foods. NATURAL RANGE: Eastern North America from southeastern Canada to northern Florida and eastern Texas DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 645
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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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