Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs NATURAL RANGE: Eastern U.S., Mexico, and the West Indies REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, Morton 1977, Nellis 1994 Unonopsis floribunda Diels FAMILY: Annonaceae (custard-apple) PORTUGUESE: envira SPANISH: icoja USES/NOTES: Fruit pulp is made into an alcoholic beverage. NATURAL RANGE: Peru REFERENCES: Duke and Vásquez 1994, Pinedo-Vásquez et al. 1992 Urera caracasana (Jacq.) Gaudin ex Griseb. FAMILY: Urticaceae (nettle) ENGLISH: nettle PORTUGUESE: cansação, cansanção, caracasana, ishimu, urtiga SPANISH: cunshi ishanga, ishanga macho USES/NOTES: Leaves are edible and fruit, bark, and roots are medicinal. NATURAL RANGE: Neotropics REFERENCES: Duke and Vásquez 1994, IBGE 1980, UFA/NYBG n.d. Uribea tamrindoides Dugand & Romero FAMILY: Fabaceae or Leguminosae subfam. Paplionoideae (bean or pea) SPANISH: tamarindo de monte USES/NOTES: Fruit pulp is edible. NATURAL RANGE: Colombia, Panama, and Costa Rica REFERENCES: Martin et al. 1987 Urospatha sagittifolia (Rudge) Schott [syn. U. caudata (Poeppig) Schott] FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) PORTUGUESE: ape, caa-ape SPANISH: jergón sacha, karabo, picatón USES/NOTES: Soft, spongy, white rhizomes are eaten roasted or boiled and mashed. Also medicinal, a snakebite treatment, and a snake repellent. NATURAL RANGE: Northern Amazonian Brazil to the Guiana highlands REFERENCES: Brako and Zarucchi 1993, Duke and Vásquez 1994, Gragson 1997, Mabberley 1987, Plowman 1969, Renner et al. 1990, Uphof 1968 Urtica dioica L. FAMILY: Urticaceae (nettle) ENGLISH: big nettle, bigsting nettle, common nettle, European nettle, great nettle, nettle, stinging nettle PORTUGUESE: cansanção, urtiga, urtigão SPANISH: chichicastle, chunchu khisa, dominguilla, ishanga, khisa, mula khisa, ortiga, puka t’ulluyuq khisa, solimán DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 784
Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs USES/NOTES: Shoots and young leaves may be eaten as a cooked vegetable or used in beer making. The plant also is used to make an astringent; used in folk remedies for gout, dropsy, skin ailments, and respiratory problems like asthma, bronchitis, and hay fever; and to make a pesticide. The plant’s stinging hairs contain choline, formic acid, histamine, and serotonin. NATURAL RANGE: Temperate regions of the Old World, widely naturalized REFERENCES: Duke 1992, Duke 1997, Duke 2002, Espejo Serna et al. n.d., Facciola 1990, Franquemont et al. 1990, Harris 1972, Jardim Botânico de Brasília 1990, Kermath (notes), Mabberley 1987, Peterson 1977, Schneider 1987, Usher 1974, Yanovsky 1936 Urtica dioica subsp. gracilis (Aiton) Selander [syn. U. californica Greene, U. dioica var. californica (Greene) C. Hitchc., U. gracilis Aiton] FAMILY: Urticaceae (nettle) ENGLISH: California nettle, slender nettle, stinging nettle SPANISH: ortiga USES/NOTES: Shoots and young leaves are eaten like cooked spinach, stems are used in beer making, and leaf is made into tea. Perhaps best included under U. dioca. NATURAL RANGE: North America REFERENCES: FNAEC 1997, Hickman 1993, PFAF n.d. Urtica dioica subsp. holosericea (Nutt.) Thorne [syn. U. holosericea Nutt.] FAMILY: Urticaceae (nettle) ENGLISH: California nettle, stinging nettle SPANISH: ortiga USES/NOTES: Shoots and young leaves are eaten like cooked spinach, and stems are used in beer making. Perhaps best included under U. dioca. NATURAL RANGE: Western North America REFERENCES: FNAEC 1997, Hickman 1993, Moerman 1998, PFAF n.d. Urtica urens L. FAMILY: Urticaceae (nettle) ENGLISH: annual nettle, burning nettle, dog nettle, dwarf nettle, nettle, small nettle PORTUGUESE: cansanção, urtiga SPANISH: ortiga menor USES/NOTES: Shoots, young leaves, and stem tops are eaten as a potherb. NATURAL RANGE: cosmpolitan REFERENCES: Bourke et al. 1987, Martin and Ruberté 1975, Uphof 1968 Uvularia sessilifolia L. FAMILY: Liliaceae (lily) ENGLISH: bellwort, little merrybells, wild oat DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 785
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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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