Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs SPANISH: otoomal, palma de sombrero, palma de micharo, palma de mícharos, palma huíchira, soyate USES/NOTES: Small black fruit’s pulp, though scant, tastes like a date (Phoenix dactilifera), and sweet heart is eaten as a vegetable or pounded into meal. NATURAL RANGE: Southern tip of Texas through Mexico’s Gulf coast, southern Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, to the Pacific coast of northern Nicaragua REFERENCES: Alcorn 1984, Henderson et al. 1995, Latorre and Latorre 1977, Tabora et al. 1993, Tull 1978, Zona 1990 Sabal minor (Jacq.) Pers. FAMILY: Arecaceae or Palmae (palm) ENGLISH: blue palmetto, blue stem, bush palmetto, dwarf palmetto, latanier USES/NOTES: Pith reportedly is edible. Typically subterranean stem rarely emerges. NATURAL RANGE: Southeastern U.S. from coastal southeastern North Carolina to southeastern Oklahoma, eastern Texas, and Florida REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, Godfrey 1988, Henderson et al. 1995, Sturtevant 1972 Sabal palmetto (Walter) Lodd. ex Schultes & Schultes f. [syn. S. bahamensis (Becc.) L. Bailey] FAMILY: Arecaceae or Palmae (palm) ENGLISH: cabbage palm, cabbage palmetto, palmetto, palmetto palm, palmiste, sabal palm, swamp cabbage, swamp cabbage tree PORTUGUESE: juçara, palmitiqueira, palmito, palmito-do-campo SPANISH: guana cana, palma cana, palmicho USES/NOTES: Sweet heart and lower terminal bud are eaten raw or cooked, though because the tree has a solitary stem, this practice results in the plant’s death. Sweet, dark pulp of the small (> 1cm in diameter), generally round, black fruits, though scant, tastes somewhat like a date (Phoenix dactylifera) or a prune (Prunus domestica). Florida’s state tree, sometimes seen incorrectly spelled as sable palm, also is planted widely in urban landscapes and has been used for thatch. NATURAL RANGE: North Carolina coast through Florida and portions of the Bahamas and Cuba REFERENCES: Adams 1972, Godfrey 1988, Henderson et al. 1995, Houaiss 1982, Kermath (notes), Mabberley 1987, Martin et al. 1987, Morton 1977, OAS 1973, Tabora et al. 1993 Sabal pumos (Kunth) Burret FAMILY: Arecaceae or Palmae (palm) ENGLISH: sabal palm SPANISH: palma real, pumos USES/NOTES: Mesocarp is edible. NATURAL RANGE: South-central interior Mexico, near Guanajuato REFERENCES: Alcorn 1984, Henderson et al. 1995, Tull 1978 DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 680
Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs Sabal uresana Trel. FAMILY: Arecaceae or Palmae (palm) ENGLISH: Sonoran palmetto SPANISH: palma, palma blanca, palmar, palmarcito, palmarejo, palmarera, palmarillo, palmarira, palmarito, palmita USES/NOTES: Heart is edible. NATURAL RANGE: Northwestern Mexico REFERENCES: Henderson et al. 1995, Jones 1995, Joyal 1996 Sabicea amazonensis Wernham FAMILY: Rubiaceae (coffee or madder) PORTUGUESE: erva-de-mucura, kana-dá USES/NOTES: Dark red fruit of this liana is collected from the wild for food and for use in religious ceremonies. NATURAL RANGE: Amazonia REFERENCES: Brako and Zarucchi 1993, Silva et al. 1977 Sabicea paraensis (Schumann) Wernham FAMILY: Rubiaceae (coffee or madder) SPANISH: huasca mullaca, ruichao USES/NOTES: Dark red fruits are edible. NATURAL RANGE: Amazonia REFERENCES: Brako and Zarucchi 1993, Duke and Vásquez 1994 Sabicea villosa Willd. ex Roemer & Schultes FAMILY: Rubiaceae (coffee or madder) SPANISH: curihjau, huasca mullaca USES/NOTES: Dark red fruits are edible. NATURAL RANGE: Amazonia REFERENCES: Brako and Zarucchi 1993, Duke and Vásquez 1994 Saccharum officinarum L. [also S. barberi Jeswiet. and S. sinense Roxb.] FAMILY: Gramineae or Poaceae (grass) ENGLISH: noble cane, sugar cane PORTUGUESE: cana, cana de açúcar SPANISH: caña, caña amarilla, caña arangola, caña de azúcar, caña dulce, cañamiel, misqui huiro, shita USES/NOTES: Stem’s sweet liquid is drunk as juice or used to make refined sugar, syrup, molasses, rum and other alcoholic beverages (aguardiente and guarapo in Spanish, aguardente, cachaça, or pinga in Portuguese), industrial alcohol, and methanol. Wax, similar to that of the carnauba palm (Copernicia prunifera), is extracted from the stem. Bagasse, the crushed cane left after processing, is used for cattle feed, to make cardboard and paper, and for fuel. S. barberi and S. sinense also are grown for sugar. S. officinarum came to the Americas with the Portuguese in the early 1500s. DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 681
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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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