Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs
REFERENCES: Bonuccelli 1989, Cárdenas 1969, Gade 1970, Heiser 1979a,
Heiser and Nelson 1974, Hunziker 1943, Macbride 1937, Mujica et al.
2001, NRC 1989, Risi and Galwey 1984, Sauer 1993
Chenopodium petiolare Kunth
FAMILY: Amaranthaceae (amaranth or pigweed), previously
Chenopodiaceae (goosefoot)
SPANISH: llipocha
USES/NOTES: Young leaves are eaten boiled in the Vilconaota Valey of
Peru.
NATURAL RANGE: Highlands of Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, and northern Chile
and Argentina
REFERENCES: Gade 1975, López 2000, Marticorena and Quezada 1985
Chenopodium quinoa Willd.
FAMILY: Amaranthaceae (amaranth or pigweed), previously
Chenopodiaceae (goosefoot)
ENGLISH: Inca rice, kinoa, Peruvian rice, petty rice, quinoa, quinua,
sweet quinoa, white quinoa
PORTUGUESE: arroz-miúdo-do-Peru, espinafre-do-Peru, quinoa
SPANISH: arrocillo, arroz del Perú, cañahua, candonga, dahué (whiteseeded
variety), guanache (white-seeded variety), guañaschi (whiteseeded
variety), huazontle, kinoa, quínia, quinoa, quínoa, quinua,
quinua dulce, quinqua, suba, supha, trigo Inca, trigrillo
USES/NOTES: Seeds, rich in lysine and other amino acids, have been an
important grain in the Andes for up to 5,000 years. They are often
prepared with potatoes and capsicum peppers in soup called quinoa
uchu, or consumed toasted, brewed into beer, or mixed with milk or
cheese. Leaves are eaten like common spinach (Spinacia oleracea) or
used as a potherb. Stems are burned to a lime-rich ash for use in
coca chew. Attempts to revitalize this traditional crop have been
under way for some time.
NATURAL RANGE: C. quinoa’s likely progenitor, C. hircinum Schrad.
(avian goosefoot), may be from northern Andean Argentina, but
domestication must have occurred in the Peruvian and/or Bolivian
Andes, probably near Lake Titicaca, but had diffused to southern
Ecuador and northern Chile by the time of the Spanish encounter
REFERENCES: Bruno and Whitehead 2003, Heiser 1979a, Heiser and Nelson
1974, Joyal 1987, Lobb 1993, McCamant 1992, Mujica et al. 2001, NRC
1975, NRC 1989, OAS 1973, Risi and Galwey 1984, Sauer 1993, Smith
1994, Soukup 1970, Wilson 1988, Zimmerer 1992
Chenopodium quinoa Willd. var. melanospermum Hunziker
FAMILY: Amaranthaceae (amaranth or pigweed), previously
Chenopodiaceae (goosefoot)
ENGLISH: black quinoa, wild quinoa
SPANISH: ashpa quinoa, ayaras, quinoa ayara, quinoa negra
USES/NOTES: This weedy relative of the domesticated quinoa (C. quinoa)
was grown along side its emerging domesticate in antiquity. The
DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE
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