Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs USES/NOTES: Cultivated in the West Indies, especially Dominica, for its edible leaves and knobby corms. Also medicinal. NATURAL RANGE: Neotropics REFERENCES: Facciola 1990, OAS 1973, Plowman 1969 Xanthosoma belophyllum (Willd.) Kunth FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) USES/NOTES: Corms are eaten cooked in Venezuela. NATURAL RANGE: Venezuela and the Guianas REFERENCES: Plowman 1969 Xanthosoma brasiliense (Desf.) Engl. FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) ENGLISH: belembe, calalu, Indian kale, spinach, Tahitian spinach, Tahitian taro, tanier spinach, tannia PORTUGUESE: inhame, taiá SPANISH: belembe, malanga, ocumo, tembé-tayá, yautía USES/NOTES: Leaf and petiole of this shade-tolerant species are eaten like spinach (Spinacia oleracea), and small corms are eaten occasionally. Leaves contain less calcium oxalate than other Xanthosoma species. NATURAL RANGE: Brazilian river margins, now widespread REFERENCES: Bourke et al. 1987, Cárdenas 1969, Martin and Ruberté 1979, O’Hair 1990, Omawale 1973, Plowman 1969, Ruberté 1984, Uphof 1968 Xanthosoma caracu K. Koch & Bouché FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) ENGLISH: arrowleaf, cocoyam, elephant ear, yautia horqueta SPANISH: caracu, tarabolií, tegüe, yautía blanca, yautía horqueta, yautía manola, yautía rolliza, yautía viaquera USES/NOTES: Cultivated in the West Indies and Central America for its edible corms and young, unfolded leaves, which are eaten in soups or prepared like spinanch (Spinacia oleracea). NATURAL RANGE: Tropical South America and the West Indies, perhaps to portions of Mesoamerica REFERENCES: Hanelt and IPGCPR 2001, Kay 1973, Kermath (notes), OAS 1973, Plowman 1969, Uphof 1968 Xanthosoma helleborifolium (Jacq.) Schott FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) SPANISH: belembe silvestre, mano abierta USES/NOTES: Cultivated for its edible corms and leaves, both of which must be cooked before eating. NATURAL RANGE: Neotropics REFERENCES: Duke and Vásquez 1994, Plowman 1969 Xanthosoma jacquinii Schott FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) SPANISH: tegüe, yautía palma DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 818
Kermath, Bennett and Pulsipher - Food Plants in the Americs USES/NOTES: Tubers and leaves are eaten cooked, and tubers are used to make chicha, an alcoholic beverage. NATURAL RANGE: Tropical South America REFERENCES: Plowman 1969 Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) PORTUGUESE: mangarases, rascadeira, taiás, taioba, tártago SPANISH: mafafa, oreja de elephante, yautía USES/NOTES: Corms and leaves are eaten cooked. NATURAL RANGE: Southern Brazil REFERENCES: Accorsi et al. n.d., Duke and Vásquez 1994, Plowman 1969 Xanthosoma poeppigii Schott [syn. X. maffafa var. poeppigii (Schott) Engl.] FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) PORTUGUESE: taioba SPANISH: mafafa USES/NOTES: Cultivated in northern South America for its edible corms, which are pounded into a starchy meal called fufu. NATURAL RANGE: Northern South America REFERENCES: Brako and Zarucchi 1993, Facciola 1990 Xanthosoma riedelianum Schott [syn. Caladium striatipes (Kunth & C.D. Bouché) Schott and includes Xanthosoma striatipes (Kunth & C.D. Bouché) Madison] FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) ENGLISH: malanga, yautia PORTUGUESE: banana-de-brejo, bananeira-do-brejo, cana-de-brejo, mangará-mirim, mangarito SPANISH: changuango de monte, malanga, yautía USES/NOTES: Cultivated for its tubers and corms, which is eaten boiled or roasted in ash. NATURAL RANGE: Amazonian Brazil and southern Venezuela REFERENCES: IBGE 1980, Gragson 1997, MBG n.d., Plowman 1969, Steyermark et al. 1995, Uphof 1968 Xanthosoma robustum Schott FAMILY: Araceae (arum or aroid) ENGLISH: elephant ear, poor man’s umbrella SPANISH: capote, lum, marac, oreja de elefante, pixi, quequesque, quequexque, quiscamo, quiscamote USES/NOTES: Tubers are eaten cooked in Oaxaca, Mexico. Large leaves are used as umbrellas. NATURAL RANGE: Tropical Mexico to Costa Rica REFERENCES: Alcorn 1984, Brücher 1989, Kermath (notes), Plowman 1969, von Reis Altschul 1973 Xanthosoma roseum Schott DRAFT - DO NOT DUPLICATE OR DISTRIBUTE 819
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Abelmoschus esculentus (L - the University of Maine at Fort Kent

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