Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

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some suggested question for processing discussion 132 Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Organic Vegetable Production ❏ What do we mean by seedling hardening by pricking-off? ❏ Did you observe transplanted celery and lettuce seedlings in farmer’s fields that were hardened by pricking-off? How were they compared with transplanted celery or lettuce seedlings that were not hardened by pricking-off? ❏ Why do we need to harden celery and lettuce seedlings before transplanting in main field? ❏ From farmers interviewed, did you learn of a better pricking-off technique for celery and lettuce seedlings? How did they do it? ❏ What other vegetable seedlings need hardening by pricking-off? How are they done? ❏ What changes in appearance of celery and lettuce seedlings did you observe one, two, three, and four weeks after pricking-off? ❏ Were there differences in plant growth and development between pricked-off and not prickedoff celery and lettuce seedlings? ❏ Were there differences in yields between pricked-off and not pricked-off celery and lettuce seedlings?
Section 3 • Living Soil, Integrated Soil Nutrient and Crop Managements Exercise No. 3.22 99 VARIETAL ADAPTABILITY TO DIFFERENT ELEVATIONS AS A kEY FACTOR FOR IMPROVING ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCTIVITY IN THE HIGHLANDS BaCKGroUND aND raTIoNalE Yield potential is usually a reflection of plant’s ability to use and adapt to its environment in terms of its morphology, anatomy, or biochemical nature. In the Cordilleras, vegetable crops, to be more productive, must adapt to unfavorable environmental conditions, which include presence of harmful insects and diseases, water logging, drought, too high or too low temperature, too much or too little light or nutrients. Varietal adaptability of crops in highlands differs relative to elevations mainly because of temperature as well as pest and disease prevalence. At high elevation, potato and cabbage are predominant crops because of their tolerance to relatively cooler temperatures. Whereas, snap bean, green pea and cucumber can tolerate slightly warmer temperature and are more adapted in middle elevation. The beneficial parasitoid Diadegma sp. and harmful microorganism cyst nematode are more adapted to cooler temperature. Hence, diamondback moth (DBM) is easier checked in high elevation, where its parasitoid Diadegma sp. adapts very well, than at middle elevation. Similarly, cyst nematode does not thrive well at warmer temperature and is never a problem of potato grown in middle elevation 100 . Every vegetable farmer knows which crop is most adaptable to his specific environment. His experiences, when shared with others in FFSs, will allow them to acquire additional knowledge and understanding to improve their current practices, which may result to better crop productivity. This exercise was designed to address this concern. How long will this exercise take? • Thirty minutes to one hour for field walks and observations of organic vegetable crops most adapted in adjoining vegetable fields of learning field; and • Thirty minutes to one hour brainstorming session in the processing area. 99 Adapted from Callo, Jr., D.P., L.B. Teofilo, and H.A. Tauli (eds). 2002. Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Vegetable IPM, Volume II. SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. pp121-123. 100 Kudan, S.L. 1998. As cited in: Callo, Jr., D.P., L.B. Teofilo, and H.A. Tauli (eds). 2002. Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Vegetable IPM, Volume II. SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. 366p. 133 when is this exercise most appropriate? ɶ In FFS, TOT, and VST sessions, before planting vegetable crops in learning field; and ɶ When farmers want to learn more of varietal adaptability of organic vegetable crops in their area from other farmers.
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FFS CURRICULUM ON ORGANIC VEGETABLE
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Section 2 GENERAL TOPICS FOR FARMER
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Exercise No. 2.01 12 WHAT IS IN A B
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learning objectives 12 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 2.02 17 GATHERING AND
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5 Approaches and methods to use in
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vegetable Crop Co
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How long will this exercise take? 2
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Exercise No. 2.04 21 ‘BALLOT BOX
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5 Parsley (e.g., carrot and celery)
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materials 36 Field Guide of Discove
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NATURAL ENEMIES OVG 1 40 Field Guid
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Exercise No. 2.07 32 kEEPING RECORD
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LIVING SOIL AND INTEGRATED SOIL NUT
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Exercise No. 3.01 45 LIVING SOIL: A
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Exercise No. 3.02 47 BARANGAY SOIL
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methodology • Field walks, hands-
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Exercise No. 3.03 50 SOIL PROFILE A
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Exercise No. 3.04 SOIL SAMPLING AND
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For Assessing Soil Fertility (Optio
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Exercise No. 3.05 53 THE ‘FEEL ME
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Exercise No. 4.03 131 HAND PICkING
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Exercise No. 4.05 135 TRAPPING AS A
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some suggested questions for proces
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Exercise No. 4.07 142 TIMING OF PLA
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS
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Exercise No. 4.10 148 SPRAYING CHIL
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(d) Collection and Use of NPV-infec
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ate of release: 226 Field Guide of
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Exercise No. 4.14 155 FIELD-COLLECT
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materials 234 Field Guide of Discov
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INTEGRATED RODENT MANAGEMENT 240 Fi
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Biological Methods: 250 Field Guide
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Section 5 INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGE
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Exercise No. 5.01 174 DISEASE TRIAN
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Exercise No. 5.02 176 SIMULATION EX
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Exercise No. 5.05 182 SAP TRANSMISS
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Exercise No. 5.06 183 HOT WATER TRE
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5. Draw up conclusions and recommen
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Exercise No. 5.08 187 USING RAISED
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Exercise No. 5.10 191 MULCHING AS A
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Exercise No. 5.12 196 UPROOTING AND
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF DISEASES 296
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Exercise No. 5.15 205 BACTERIAL WIL
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Exercise No. 5.16 206 USING TRICHOd
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Exercise No. 5.19 209 USING RESISTA
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Exercise No. 6.02 220 324 Field Gui
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materials • Office supplies (e.g.
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Exercise No. 6.03 222 SURFACE IRRIG
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Exercise No. 6.05 226 SANITATION AS
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Exercise No. 6.06 228 PRUNING AS AN
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5 Pest-infested foliage or other pl
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Exercise No. 6.08 233 CROP ROTATION
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Exercise No. 7.03 246 SEED SELECTIO
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5 Maturity (e.g., number of days fr
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Exercise No. 7.04 PARTICIPATORY PLA
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Exercise No. 7.05 250 DETERMINING R
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Exercise No. 7.07 PROPER HARVESTING
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Exercise No. 7.08 VILLAGE GENEBANk
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Exercise No. 7.09 258 POST-HARVEST
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Exercise No. 7.10 260 MAINTAINING Q
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ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCT CERTIFICA
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Exercise No. 8.01 UNDERSTANDING ORG
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Exercise No. 8.02 UNDERSTANDING SEC
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MARkETING OF ORGANICALLY-GROWN VEGE
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methodology • Field visit, mini-w
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Participatory Discussion: 414 Field
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Exercise No. 8.05 UNDERSTANDING MAR
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Glossary 428 Field Guide of Discove
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Technical Experts: 460 Field Guide
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