Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

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some suggested questions for processing discussion 354 Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Organic Vegetable Production ❏ What is a self-pollinated crop? What were the most common self-pollinated vegetable crops observed in the field? ❏ Do we need pollinators for self-pollinated vegetable crops (e.g., legumes and solanaceous crops) intended for seed production? ❏ Why do we need to maintain an isolation distance between vegetable crops intended for seed production? ❏ Why do we need to conduct regular monitoring and roguing of self-pollinated vegetable crops (e.g., legumes and solanaceous crops) grown for seed purposes? ❏ Which self-pollinated vegetable crops did farmers grow and use for seed purposes? ❏ What selection criteria did farmers use? ❏ What seed selection and seed production practices did farmers employ for self-pollinated vegetable crops (e.g., legumes, and solanaceous crops)? ❏ Did you learn better seed/variety selection and seed production practices for self-pollinated vegetable crops (e.g., legumes and solanaceous crops) from other farmers? ❏ What cultural management practices are important for self-pollinated vegetable crops (e.g., legumes and solanaceous crops) grown for seed purposes?
Section 7 • Participatory Plant Breeding, Seed Production, Harvest, and Post-Harvest Management Exercise No. 7.02 PARTICIPATORY PLANT BREEDING BY FARMERS FOR ORGANICALLY-GROWN SELF-POLLINATED (STRING BEAN AND EGGPLANT) VEGETABLE CROPS BaCKGroUND aND raTIoNalE 245 Native to Southeast Asia, string bean, yard long bean or pole sitao is a mostly climbing plant, and a close relative of cowpea. It comes in different varieties, from a more common pale green pod variety or a more slender darker green one to a deep brownish red variety. The vegetable is popular among farmers and usually grown on poles, although free-growing varieties are also available. Young pods of string bean are used as cooked vegetable, mostly combined with rice as main dish. In Indonesia, fresh young pods are consumed as salad. Sometimes, shoots and young leaves are also consumed. Like other fruiting vegetables, growth stages of string bean overlaps. After germination, growth is very fast. Flowering usually starts on 5 th week after sowing and harvest of young pods starts 2 weeks later. Depending on crop health and intensity of harvesting, senescence starts 1½-2 months after sowing and plant dies after 3-4 months. Pods can reach a length of one yard (90 cm); hence it is also called yard-long bean. String bean is a naturally self-pollinating crop, although some degree of cross-pollination by insects occurs. Flowers are large and easy to manipulate, keel is straight, beaked, and not twisted. Flowers have few floral nodes per raceme. Eggplant, on the other hand, originates from India and is now generally grown as a vegetable throughout the tropical, sub-tropical, and warm temperate areas of the world. Eggplant varieties display a wide range of fruit shapes and colors, ranging from oval or egg-shaped to long club-shaped, and from white, yellow, green through degrees of purple pigmentation to almost black. An increasing number of F1 hybrid varieties are available in the market. However, many farmers still prefer to keep or exchange their own seed. Fruits are popular in the market as they are used in many dishes, either as boiled, fried, or stuffed. Unripe fruits are sometimes used as curries. Although semi-perennial, eggplant is usually grown as an annual with cropping season duration of 5-6 months. Seeds are small and need a 245 Smolders, H. and Caballeda, E. 2006. Field Guide for Participatory Plant Breeding in Farmer Field Schools: With Emphasis on Rice and Vegetables. Participatory Enhancement of Diversity of Genetic Resources in Asia (PEDIGREA) Publication. Center for Genetic Resources, the Netherlands. 136p. 355 when is this exercise most appropriate? ɶ In FFS, TOT, and VST sessions, when some selfpollinated vegetables (e.g., string bean and eggplant) are organicallygrown as parent materials for studies of plants’ biological processes (e.g., planting to harvest) and for participatory plant breeding exercises (e.g., flowering stages) in learning field; and ɶ When farmers want to learn from other farmers and do hands-on of proper selfing and hybridization of selfpollinated vegetables (e.g., string bean and eggplant) in their own farms.
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FFS CURRICULUM ON ORGANIC VEGETABLE
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Section 2 GENERAL TOPICS FOR FARMER
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Exercise No. 2.01 12 WHAT IS IN A B
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learning objectives 12 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 2.02 17 GATHERING AND
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5 Approaches and methods to use in
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vegetable Crop Co
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How long will this exercise take? 2
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Exercise No. 2.04 21 ‘BALLOT BOX
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5 Parsley (e.g., carrot and celery)
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materials 36 Field Guide of Discove
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NATURAL ENEMIES OVG 1 40 Field Guid
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Exercise No. 2.07 32 kEEPING RECORD
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LIVING SOIL AND INTEGRATED SOIL NUT
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Exercise No. 3.01 45 LIVING SOIL: A
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Exercise No. 3.02 47 BARANGAY SOIL
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methodology • Field walks, hands-
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Exercise No. 3.03 50 SOIL PROFILE A
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Exercise No. 3.04 SOIL SAMPLING AND
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For Assessing Soil Fertility (Optio
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Exercise No. 3.05 53 THE ‘FEEL ME
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Producing Vermi-compost: 88 Field G
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Exercise No. 3.10 ORGANIC FOLIAR SP
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) a.
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) 94
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Exercise No. 3.13 UNDERSTANDING ACT
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methodology • Field walks and bra
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Exercise No. 3.14 81 MAINTAINING SO
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Exercise No. 3.16 85 BENCH TERRACIN
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Exercise No. 3.17 88 VERNALIZATION
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materials 122 Field Guide of Discov
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Exercise No. 3.19 92 HYDROIZATION O
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Exercise No. 3.21 97 PRICkING-OFF T
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some suggested question for process
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Exercise No. 3.23 101 GROWING IN EA
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Exercise No. 3.26 104 THINNING AS A
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Exercise No. 3.28 108 CROP SEQUENCI
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Exercise No. 3.30 112 CULTURAL MANA
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Exercise No. 4.01 127 BRUSHING OR S
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Exercise No. 4.03 131 HAND PICkING
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Exercise No. 4.05 135 TRAPPING AS A
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Exercise No. 4.07 142 TIMING OF PLA
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS
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Exercise No. 4.10 148 SPRAYING CHIL
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(d) Collection and Use of NPV-infec
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ate of release: 226 Field Guide of
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Exercise No. 4.14 155 FIELD-COLLECT
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INTEGRATED RODENT MANAGEMENT 240 Fi
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Biological Methods: 250 Field Guide
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Section 5 INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGE
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Exercise No. 5.01 174 DISEASE TRIAN
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Exercise No. 5.02 176 SIMULATION EX
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Exercise No. 5.05 182 SAP TRANSMISS
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Exercise No. 5.06 183 HOT WATER TRE
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5. Draw up conclusions and recommen
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Exercise No. 5.08 187 USING RAISED
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Exercise No. 5.10 191 MULCHING AS A
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Exercise No. 5.12 196 UPROOTING AND
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF DISEASES 296
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Exercise No. 5.15 205 BACTERIAL WIL
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MARkETING OF ORGANICALLY-GROWN VEGE
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methodology • Field visit, mini-w
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Participatory Discussion: 414 Field
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Exercise No. 8.05 UNDERSTANDING MAR
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Mini-workshop: 420 Field Guide of D
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Glossary 428 Field Guide of Discove
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Technical Experts: 460 Field Guide
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