Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

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204 Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Organic Vegetable Production 5 Reason for choice of crops harvested later during cropping season and specific pest problem managed. 3. Synthesize and summarize output of small groups into one big group output. Draw up conclusions and recommendations from this exercise. some suggested questions for the processing discussion ❏ Did you observe different crops planted and harvested at different time during same cropping season? ❏ What pests and diseases were prevalent on crops planted and harvested at different time during same cropping season? ❏ What pests and diseases were managed by planting and harvesting organically-grown vegetable crops at different time during same cropping season? ❏ When is the best time during cropping season to plant and harvest different crop species, cultivars, and varieties? Why? ❏ Did planting and harvesting at proper time during same cropping season improve productivity and profitability? Can we really reduce pest and disease occurrence by proper timing of planting and harvesting? How? Why? ❏ What other cultural management practices can complement proper timing of planting and harvesting to control pests in organic vegetable production?
Section 4 • Integrated Insect and Rodent Pests Management Exercise No. 4.08 143 SANITATION PRACTICES FOR MANAGEMENT OF POD BORERS, LEAF-MINERS, AND LEAF-FOLDERS IN ORGANICALLY-GROWN VEGETABLES BaCKGroUND aND raTIoNalE One of the most practical approaches to pest management is good cultural control, specifically sanitation. Sanitation is aimed at reducing exposure of crops to pest infestation. For some organic vegetable pests, such as pod borers, leaf miners, and leaf folders, a primary objective of sanitation is prevention of pest build-up and not total destruction of existing or damaging pest populations 144 . Proper disposal of crop residues, which may serve as breeding places for pests, is a good way of preventing build-up of these pests. Elimination of crop residues after harvest destroys pests and prevents carry-over to next crop. There are several sanitation practices commonly employed to control pod borers, leafminers, and leaf folders in organic vegetable production. These are: (1) roguing of host weeds and plants at earlier stages of growth; (2) removal of infested leaves and fruits at later growth stages; (3) proper disposal of rogued plants, removed leaves or fruits and other crop residues by burying, burning, etc.; and (4) plowing under of infested crop residues immediately after harvest 145 . Many farmers in the Cordilleras had adapted better sanitation practices to control pod borers, leafminers, and leaf folders in organically-grown vegetables through time. These practices, when shared with others in FFSs, will result in much improved sanitation practices. The foregoing exercise was designed primarily to address this concern. 143 Adapted from Callo, Jr., D.P., L.B. Teofilo, and H.A. Tauli (eds). 2002. Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Vegetable IPM, Volume II. SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. pp205-207. 144 Cardona, Jr. E.V. 1998. As cited in: Callo, Jr., D.P., L.B. Teofilo, and H.A. Tauli (eds). 2002. Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Vegetable IPM, Volume II. SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. 366p. 145 Bautista, O.K. (ed). 1994. Introduction to Tropical Horticulture. 2 nd Edition, SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture and University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines. pp369-371. 205 when is this exercise most appropriate? ɶ In FFS, TOT, and VST sessions, when there are infestation of pod borers, leafminers, and leaf folders on organicallygrown vegetables in learning field; and ɶ When farmers want to learn innovative sanitation practices from others to control pod borers, leafminers, and leaf folders of organically-grown vegetables.
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FFS CURRICULUM ON ORGANIC VEGETABLE
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Section 2 GENERAL TOPICS FOR FARMER
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Exercise No. 2.01 12 WHAT IS IN A B
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learning objectives 12 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 2.02 17 GATHERING AND
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5 Approaches and methods to use in
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vegetable Crop Co
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How long will this exercise take? 2
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Exercise No. 2.04 21 ‘BALLOT BOX
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5 Parsley (e.g., carrot and celery)
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materials 36 Field Guide of Discove
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NATURAL ENEMIES OVG 1 40 Field Guid
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Exercise No. 2.07 32 kEEPING RECORD
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LIVING SOIL AND INTEGRATED SOIL NUT
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Exercise No. 3.01 45 LIVING SOIL: A
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Exercise No. 3.02 47 BARANGAY SOIL
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methodology • Field walks, hands-
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Exercise No. 3.03 50 SOIL PROFILE A
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Exercise No. 3.04 SOIL SAMPLING AND
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For Assessing Soil Fertility (Optio
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Exercise No. 3.05 53 THE ‘FEEL ME
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some suggested questions for proces
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Producing Vermi-compost: 88 Field G
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Exercise No. 3.10 ORGANIC FOLIAR SP
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) a.
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) 94
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Exercise No. 3.13 UNDERSTANDING ACT
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methodology • Field walks and bra
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Exercise No. 3.14 81 MAINTAINING SO
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Exercise No. 3.16 85 BENCH TERRACIN
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Exercise No. 3.17 88 VERNALIZATION
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Exercise No. 3.19 92 HYDROIZATION O
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Exercise No. 3.21 97 PRICkING-OFF T
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some suggested question for process
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Exercise No. 3.23 101 GROWING IN EA
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Exercise No. 3.26 104 THINNING AS A
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Exercise No. 3.28 108 CROP SEQUENCI
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Section 5 INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGE
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Exercise No. 5.01 174 DISEASE TRIAN
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Exercise No. 5.02 176 SIMULATION EX
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Exercise No. 5.05 182 SAP TRANSMISS
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Exercise No. 5.06 183 HOT WATER TRE
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5. Draw up conclusions and recommen
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Exercise No. 5.08 187 USING RAISED
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Exercise No. 5.10 191 MULCHING AS A
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Exercise No. 5.12 196 UPROOTING AND
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF DISEASES 296
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Exercise No. 5.15 205 BACTERIAL WIL
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Exercise No. 5.16 206 USING TRICHOd
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Exercise No. 5.19 209 USING RESISTA
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Exercise No. 6.02 220 324 Field Gui
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materials • Office supplies (e.g.
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Exercise No. 6.03 222 SURFACE IRRIG
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Exercise No. 6.05 226 SANITATION AS
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Exercise No. 6.06 228 PRUNING AS AN
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5 Pest-infested foliage or other pl
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Exercise No. 6.08 233 CROP ROTATION
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Exercise No. 7.03 246 SEED SELECTIO
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5 Maturity (e.g., number of days fr
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Exercise No. 7.04 PARTICIPATORY PLA
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Exercise No. 7.05 250 DETERMINING R
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Exercise No. 7.07 PROPER HARVESTING
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Exercise No. 7.08 VILLAGE GENEBANk
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Exercise No. 7.09 258 POST-HARVEST
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Exercise No. 7.10 260 MAINTAINING Q
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ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCT CERTIFICA
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Exercise No. 8.01 UNDERSTANDING ORG
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Exercise No. 8.02 UNDERSTANDING SEC
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MARkETING OF ORGANICALLY-GROWN VEGE
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methodology • Field visit, mini-w
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Participatory Discussion: 414 Field
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Exercise No. 8.05 UNDERSTANDING MAR
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Glossary 428 Field Guide of Discove
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Technical Experts: 460 Field Guide
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