Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

Glossary
sap transmission technique (sTT) is a practical tool used facilitators to show to farmers how virus diseases
are transmitted in vegetable fields.
scale insects, as exemplified by California red scale, coconut scale, Florida scale and others, are sucking insect pests.
They suck plant sap mainly on nether surface of leaves, which consequently turn yellow or dry up.
scaring materials are repellent materials (e.g., scarecrow, used video, or music tapes), which are installed in
vegetable fields to scare and repel rats, thus avoiding infestation.
second party certification occurs when a consumer verifies production system and adheres to standard set
by consumers as well. This type of certification system fits in a situation where there exist an organized
consumer and producers group and is commonly known as a Community Supported Agriculture (CSA).
Its primary objective is to create an alternative distribution system independent of conventional produce
market, develop a mutual understanding of needs of both producers and consumers as well as develop a
better way of life through mutually supportive producer-consumer interactions and cooperation.
secondary pest is a pest that does not normally cause economic damage, except when insecticide application
destroys its natural enemies.
seed production refers to the multiplication of seeds selected for planting in the succeeding seasons in
isolation. In farmers’ fields, these seeds are produced naturally in self- or cross-pollinating varieties.
seed selection is a process by which farmers select seeds from their standing vegetable crops as mother plants
for planting or seed multiplication in the succeeding seasons. From the source mother plants, only the
best fruits or pods are selected. From these fruits or pods, only the best seeds are selected. For any
variety, big seeds are selected because they have more food reserves than small seeds, all other factors
being equal, hence better seed materials.
self-pollinated vegetables are vegetables wherein pods or fruit setting results from union of female (ovule)
and male (pollen) reproductive cells of the same plant, variety, or cultivar.
shoot and fruit borers are lepidopterous pests attacking solanaceous vegetables at all development stages.
At early vegetative stage, the larvae feed on the stem, shoots, and leaves. Later, at fruit setting, the larvae
bore into the fruits rendering them unusable for marketing and storage.
simulation or simulation game is a learning activity designed to reflect reality. It may range from a roleplay
and an in-basket exercise to a mock military invasion. It can be a learning activity akin to real life
marked by such game attributes as competition, scores, outcomes, winners and losers.
small group discussion is a term used to describe the use of small groups (e.g., break-up sessions) in
identifying and solving problem by participatory discussion.
sloping agricultural land technology (salT) or alley cropping system (aCs) refers to a method of
farming or cropping system whereby hedges are used along contour lines. In this system, the strips slow
down and spread water movement, thus reducing the likelihood of serious erosion in cultivated areas.
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