Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

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372 Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Organic Vegetable Production 5 Calculate percentage of successful crossing by computing success rate as follows: % Successful Crosses = Number of pollinated fruits x 100 Total number of pollinated flower buds 5 Discuss results from variety crossing table in plenary. Compare and review targets, number of actual crossing with rate of success. 5 Take note of all relevant observations and experiences during this activity. 5. Synthesize and summarize output of small groups into one big group output. Draw up conclusions and recommendations from this exercise; and 6. As an additional activity, conduct participatory discussions on important concerns, particularly on the following areas: 5 Potential characters of hybrids produced; 5 Evaluation of hybrids produced; and 5 Purity of hybrids as a function of purity of parents used. some suggested questions for processing discussion ❏ What are the similarities and differences in plant morphology of different cucurbit crops? ❏ What are the similarities and differences in flower morphology of different cucurbit crops? ❏ Why do we need to monitor flowering stages of parent varieties? ❏ Why is emasculation not required for cucurbit crops? Why do we pollinate flowers during hybridization of cucurbit crops? ❏ When are the best times for preparation and pollination of cucurbit flowers for successful hybridization? ❏ What is the use of a variety crossing table? What are the reasons for low success rate of your hybridization work? ❏ What is the purpose of bagging and tagging of pollinated cucurbit flowers? ❏ What is the most productive and cost efficient way to hybridize two varieties? ❏ How many successful crosses do we need to build a successful hybridization? How many crosses can you manage?
Section 7 • Participatory Plant Breeding, Seed Production, Harvest, and Post-Harvest Management HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES As pointed out earlier, losses during and after harvest are distributed throughout the entire marketing chain, from farmer to consumer. These are attributed to three general technical causes, namely: (a) poor quality at harvest; (b) careless harvesting and handling; and (c) improper processing methods 249 . • Poor quality at harvest. No amount of treatment can convert produce that is poor in quality at harvest into one of good quality. Quality could, at best, be only maintained. Poor quality produce may be due to: (a) wrong variety [or hybrid] for intended purpose; (b) improper production methods and conditions; and (c) harvesting either immature or over-mature produce. • Careless harvesting and handling. This includes: (a) carelessness during harvesting and physical handling; (b) failure to consider control of environmental factors that affect shelf life of produce; and (c) delay in primary processing. • Improper processing method. Harvested produce has to be processed properly so that good quality at harvest can be maintained. This includes proper methods and conditions in post harvest handling and processing. Thus, this sub-section deals on exercises adapted from best practices and learning experiences by FFS facilitators and farmer-practitioners, as well as by technical experts on harvest and postharvest management topics relevant to organic vegetable production. Among others, these include exercises on determining right maturity in harvesting organic vegetable crops, harvest and postharvest handling and primary processing of organic vegetables, and maintaining quality of organic vegetables for marketing. 249 Bautista, O.K. (ed). 1994. Introduction to Tropical Agriculture. 2 nd Edition. SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA) and University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines. pp 424-435. 373
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FFS CURRICULUM ON ORGANIC VEGETABLE
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Section 2 GENERAL TOPICS FOR FARMER
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Exercise No. 2.01 12 WHAT IS IN A B
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learning objectives 12 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 2.02 17 GATHERING AND
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5 Approaches and methods to use in
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vegetable Crop Co
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How long will this exercise take? 2
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Exercise No. 2.04 21 ‘BALLOT BOX
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5 Parsley (e.g., carrot and celery)
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materials 36 Field Guide of Discove
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NATURAL ENEMIES OVG 1 40 Field Guid
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Exercise No. 2.07 32 kEEPING RECORD
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LIVING SOIL AND INTEGRATED SOIL NUT
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Exercise No. 3.01 45 LIVING SOIL: A
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Exercise No. 3.02 47 BARANGAY SOIL
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methodology • Field walks, hands-
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Exercise No. 3.03 50 SOIL PROFILE A
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Exercise No. 3.04 SOIL SAMPLING AND
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For Assessing Soil Fertility (Optio
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Exercise No. 3.05 53 THE ‘FEEL ME
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some suggested questions for proces
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Producing Vermi-compost: 88 Field G
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Exercise No. 3.10 ORGANIC FOLIAR SP
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) a.
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) 94
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Exercise No. 3.13 UNDERSTANDING ACT
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methodology • Field walks and bra
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Exercise No. 3.14 81 MAINTAINING SO
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Exercise No. 3.16 85 BENCH TERRACIN
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Exercise No. 3.17 88 VERNALIZATION
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materials 122 Field Guide of Discov
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Exercise No. 3.19 92 HYDROIZATION O
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Exercise No. 3.21 97 PRICkING-OFF T
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some suggested question for process
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Exercise No. 3.23 101 GROWING IN EA
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Exercise No. 3.26 104 THINNING AS A
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Exercise No. 3.28 108 CROP SEQUENCI
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Exercise No. 3.30 112 CULTURAL MANA
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Exercise No. 4.01 127 BRUSHING OR S
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Exercise No. 4.03 131 HAND PICkING
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Exercise No. 4.05 135 TRAPPING AS A
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Exercise No. 4.07 142 TIMING OF PLA
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS
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Exercise No. 4.10 148 SPRAYING CHIL
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(d) Collection and Use of NPV-infec
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ate of release: 226 Field Guide of
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Exercise No. 4.14 155 FIELD-COLLECT
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INTEGRATED RODENT MANAGEMENT 240 Fi
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Biological Methods: 250 Field Guide
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Section 5 INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGE
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Exercise No. 5.01 174 DISEASE TRIAN
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Exercise No. 5.02 176 SIMULATION EX
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Exercise No. 5.05 182 SAP TRANSMISS
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Exercise No. 5.06 183 HOT WATER TRE
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5. Draw up conclusions and recommen
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Exercise No. 5.08 187 USING RAISED
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Exercise No. 5.10 191 MULCHING AS A
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Exercise No. 5.12 196 UPROOTING AND
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF DISEASES 296
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Exercise No. 5.15 205 BACTERIAL WIL
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Exercise No. 5.16 206 USING TRICHOd
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Exercise No. 5.19 209 USING RESISTA
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methodology • Field visit, mini-w
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methodology • Field visit, mini-w
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Glossary 428 Field Guide of Discove
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Technical Experts: 460 Field Guide
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