Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

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398 Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Organic Vegetable Production Section 8 ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCT CERTIFICATION PROCESS AND MARkETING STRATEGIES Organic agriculture includes all agricultural systems that promote environmentally, socially, and economically sound production of food and fibers. It aims to optimize the quality aspects of agriculture and environment by respecting the natural capacity of plants, animals, and landscape. Organic agriculture dramatically reduces external inputs by relying on the use of local resources and the management of the ecosystem and by refraining from use of chemo-synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. It allows powerful laws of nature to increase both agricultural yields and disease resistance 262 . Organic agriculture is a holistic production management system which promotes and enhances agro-ecosystem health, including bio-diversity, biological cycle, and soil biological activity. This is accomplished by using agronomic, biological, and mechanical methods, as opposed to using synthetic materials, to fulfill any specific function within a system 263 . In the Philippines, organic agriculture industry is estimated at P250 million or US$6.2 million. Of this value, domestic organic agriculture industry is about P100 million while imports of organic agriculture products are estimated at P150 million. The industry is predicted to expand by approximately 10- 20% annually, but growth could be accelerated with indispensable government support. Likewise, it is anticipated that demand for organic agriculture products would outpace local production, while potential for increased imports particularly for processed products clearly exist 264 . Generally organic agriculture products are marketed in Metro Manila and major urban centers. Organic agriculture products used to be very difficult to find in the country. Market for organic products could only be found in specialty stores, or during exhibits. Though it is true that organic products were sold in niche markets (e.g., weekend markets frequented by upper middle class and elite shoppers), now organic products can be seen in supermarkets (e.g., SM, Shop-wise, and Landmark), where middle-class income earners shop 265 . 262 IFOAM. 2006. What is Organic Agriculture: International Definitions. International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM). As cited in: Philippine Organic Agriculture Information Network. http//www.pcarrd.dost.gov.ph/phil-organic/what. 263 FAO/WHO. 2006. What is Organic Agriculture: International Definitions. International Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) Codex Alimentarius Commission. As cited in: Philippine Organic Agriculture Information Network. http//www.pcarrd.dost.gov.ph/philorganic/what. 264 Canono, J.F. 2000. Philippines Organic Products, Organics Market Brief 2000. Paper prepared for Foreign Agricultural Service, Global Agriculture Information Network of USDA. As cited in: Philippine Organic Agriculture Information Network. http//www.pcarrd.dost.gov.ph/phil-organic/market. 265 Pearl 2 Report. 2004. State of the Sector Report on Philippine Organic and Natural Products. As cited in: Philippine Organic Agriculture Information Network. http//www.pcarrd.dost.gov.ph/phil-organic/market.
Section 8 • Organic Vegetable Product Certification Process and Marketing Strategies In 2004, the Philippine National Organic Board (PNOB) was created to support, among others, the following: (a) implementation of Philippine National Organic Standards and Certification System; and (b) establishment of a five-year Organic Industry Development Program for adoption by respective units of Department of Agriculture (DA), in partnership with the private sector 266 . Data gathered by Organic Certification Center of the Philippines (OCCP) show that major products sold locally include rice, vegetables (e.g., lettuce, cucumber, tomato, ampalaya, okra, camote, kangkong, mustard, pechay, squash, eggplant), fruits (e.g., banana, mango, papaya), and muscovado sugar 267 . 266 DA. 2004. Department of Agriculture (DA) Administrative Order No. 25. As cited in: Philippine Organic Agriculture Information Network. http//www. pcarrd.dost.gov.ph/phil-organic/policy. 267 OCCP. 2005. Report of the Organic Certification Center of the Philippines. As cited in: Philippine Organic Agriculture Information Network. http//www. pcarrd.dost.gov.ph/phil-organic/market. 399
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FFS CURRICULUM ON ORGANIC VEGETABLE
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Section 2 GENERAL TOPICS FOR FARMER
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Exercise No. 2.01 12 WHAT IS IN A B
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learning objectives 12 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 2.02 17 GATHERING AND
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5 Approaches and methods to use in
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vegetable Crop Co
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How long will this exercise take? 2
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Exercise No. 2.04 21 ‘BALLOT BOX
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5 Parsley (e.g., carrot and celery)
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materials 36 Field Guide of Discove
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NATURAL ENEMIES OVG 1 40 Field Guid
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Exercise No. 2.07 32 kEEPING RECORD
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LIVING SOIL AND INTEGRATED SOIL NUT
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Exercise No. 3.01 45 LIVING SOIL: A
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Exercise No. 3.02 47 BARANGAY SOIL
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methodology • Field walks, hands-
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Exercise No. 3.03 50 SOIL PROFILE A
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Exercise No. 3.04 SOIL SAMPLING AND
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For Assessing Soil Fertility (Optio
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Exercise No. 3.05 53 THE ‘FEEL ME
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some suggested questions for proces
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Producing Vermi-compost: 88 Field G
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Exercise No. 3.10 ORGANIC FOLIAR SP
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) a.
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) 94
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Exercise No. 3.13 UNDERSTANDING ACT
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methodology • Field walks and bra
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Exercise No. 3.14 81 MAINTAINING SO
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Exercise No. 3.16 85 BENCH TERRACIN
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Exercise No. 3.17 88 VERNALIZATION
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materials 122 Field Guide of Discov
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Exercise No. 3.19 92 HYDROIZATION O
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Exercise No. 3.21 97 PRICkING-OFF T
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some suggested question for process
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Exercise No. 3.23 101 GROWING IN EA
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Exercise No. 3.26 104 THINNING AS A
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Exercise No. 3.28 108 CROP SEQUENCI
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Exercise No. 3.30 112 CULTURAL MANA
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Exercise No. 4.01 127 BRUSHING OR S
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Exercise No. 4.03 131 HAND PICkING
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Exercise No. 4.05 135 TRAPPING AS A
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Exercise No. 4.07 142 TIMING OF PLA
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS
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Exercise No. 4.10 148 SPRAYING CHIL
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(d) Collection and Use of NPV-infec
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ate of release: 226 Field Guide of
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Exercise No. 4.14 155 FIELD-COLLECT
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INTEGRATED RODENT MANAGEMENT 240 Fi
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Biological Methods: 250 Field Guide
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Section 5 INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGE
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Exercise No. 5.01 174 DISEASE TRIAN
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Exercise No. 5.02 176 SIMULATION EX
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Exercise No. 5.05 182 SAP TRANSMISS
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Exercise No. 5.06 183 HOT WATER TRE
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5. Draw up conclusions and recommen
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Exercise No. 5.08 187 USING RAISED
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Exercise No. 5.10 191 MULCHING AS A
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Exercise No. 5.12 196 UPROOTING AND
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF DISEASES 296
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Exercise No. 5.15 205 BACTERIAL WIL
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Exercise No. 5.16 206 USING TRICHOd
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Exercise No. 5.19 209 USING RESISTA
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Exercise No. 6.02 220 324 Field Gui
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materials • Office supplies (e.g.
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Exercise No. 6.03 222 SURFACE IRRIG
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Exercise No. 6.05 226 SANITATION AS
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Exercise No. 6.06 228 PRUNING AS AN
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5 Pest-infested foliage or other pl
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Exercise No. 6.08 233 CROP ROTATION
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Technical Experts: 460 Field Guide
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