Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

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some suggested questions for processing discussion 194 Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Organic Vegetable Production ❏ What were the most common soil-inhabiting pests of organically-grown vegetables you observed in learning and adjoining fields? ❏ Did you observe farmers using trap materials for soil-inhabiting pests of organically-grown vegetables in their fields? What were the most common trap materials used for these soilinhabiting pests? Why? ❏ Did you observe any differences in effectiveness among different trap materials used for soilinhabiting pests of organically-grown vegetables? What soil-inhabiting pests of organicallygrown vegetables were attracted to different trap materials used? ❏ Were there differences in crop stand and severity of pest damage between organic vegetable fields, which used and did not use trap materials for soil-inhabiting organic vegetable pests? ❏ What other innovative practices in the use of trap materials did you learn from other farmers? ❏ Which trap materials will you use if soil-inhabiting organic vegetable pests attack your own farm? Why? ❏ What other cultural management strategies can you use to complement trap materials to manage soil-inhabiting pests of organically-grown vegetables?
Section 4 • Integrated Insect and Rodent Pests Management Exercise No. 4.06 137 USE OF YELLOW STICkY TRAPS AS A MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR POTATO LEAF-MINERS BaCKGroUND aND raTIoNalE The potato leafminer, Liriomyza huedobrensis, has only recently invaded Southeast Asia. The first leafminer infestation in potato was reported in Indonesia in 1994. Farmers there said that they had not seen the pest before, although it was probably there for several years earlier. It is likely that it came in from cut flowers or other ornamental foliage that is frequently moving into that country. Interestingly, this pest has fairly recently been found in several other countries (e.g., Sri Lanka, Israel, Madagascar, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand), and is spreading all over areas where it was not found before. Other vegetable crops are attacked but damage is usually not severe 138 . In the Philippines, the Department of Agriculture’s Cordillera Administrative Regional Field Unit reported a major infestation of leafminers in potatoes in Buguias, Benguet. A validation conducted with field facilitators in September 1999 indicated that leafminers were not a major pest, but it seems that in this municipality, the build-up of this pest is reaching alarming proportions 139 . Several yellow traps (e.g., made of different materials and shades of yellow colors) were seen installed in many infested areas. Substantial numbers of adult leafminer catches were also observed on these trap materials, with more catches on brighter yellow shades. Interaction with farmers showed that, so far, only yellow traps worked among non-pesticide control strategies introduced in those infested areas. It is also interesting to note a number of innovations shared on the use of yellow traps during interactions with farmers. For instance, some claimed that better result was obtained when each plant was installed with yellow soft drink straw dipped in grease oil. Others confirmed the effectiveness of using yellow flaglets with grease oil to sweep adults as we have observed in some fields, which they said complemented these installed yellow traps. 137 Adapted from Callo, Jr., D.P., L.B. Teofilo, and H.A. Tauli (eds). 2002. Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Vegetable IPM, Volume II. SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. pp195-201. 138 Shepard, B.M., Carner, G.R., Barrion, A.T., Ooi, P.A.C, and van den Berg, H. 1999. Insects and Their Natural Enemies Associated with Vegetables and Soybean in Southeast Asia. Quality Printing Company, Orangeburn, South Carolina, U.S.A. pp57. 139 Callo, Jr., D.P. 2000. Travel report of leaf-miner infestation in Buguias, Benguet from 05-08 January 2000. ASEAN IPM Knowledge Network Center, SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture, College, Laguna, Philippines. pp2-5. 195 when is this exercise most appropriate? ɶ In FFS, TOT, and VST sessions, when there are early infestation signs of potato leaf-miners in learning field; and ɶ When farmers want to learn from other farmers their innovative practices in using yellow sticky trap materials against potato leaf-miners.
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FFS CURRICULUM ON ORGANIC VEGETABLE
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Section 2 GENERAL TOPICS FOR FARMER
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Exercise No. 2.01 12 WHAT IS IN A B
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learning objectives 12 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 2.02 17 GATHERING AND
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5 Approaches and methods to use in
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vegetable Crop Co
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How long will this exercise take? 2
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Exercise No. 2.04 21 ‘BALLOT BOX
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5 Parsley (e.g., carrot and celery)
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materials 36 Field Guide of Discove
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NATURAL ENEMIES OVG 1 40 Field Guid
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Exercise No. 2.07 32 kEEPING RECORD
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LIVING SOIL AND INTEGRATED SOIL NUT
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Exercise No. 3.01 45 LIVING SOIL: A
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Exercise No. 3.02 47 BARANGAY SOIL
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methodology • Field walks, hands-
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Exercise No. 3.03 50 SOIL PROFILE A
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Exercise No. 3.04 SOIL SAMPLING AND
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For Assessing Soil Fertility (Optio
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Exercise No. 3.05 53 THE ‘FEEL ME
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some suggested questions for proces
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Producing Vermi-compost: 88 Field G
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Exercise No. 3.10 ORGANIC FOLIAR SP
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) a.
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) 94
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Exercise No. 3.13 UNDERSTANDING ACT
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methodology • Field walks and bra
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Exercise No. 3.14 81 MAINTAINING SO
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Exercise No. 3.16 85 BENCH TERRACIN
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Exercise No. 3.17 88 VERNALIZATION
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materials 122 Field Guide of Discov
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Exercise No. 3.19 92 HYDROIZATION O
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Exercise No. 3.21 97 PRICkING-OFF T
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Exercise No. 3.23 101 GROWING IN EA
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Biological Methods: 250 Field Guide
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Section 5 INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGE
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Exercise No. 5.01 174 DISEASE TRIAN
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Exercise No. 5.02 176 SIMULATION EX
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Exercise No. 5.05 182 SAP TRANSMISS
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Exercise No. 5.06 183 HOT WATER TRE
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5. Draw up conclusions and recommen
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Exercise No. 5.08 187 USING RAISED
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Exercise No. 5.10 191 MULCHING AS A
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Exercise No. 5.12 196 UPROOTING AND
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF DISEASES 296
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Exercise No. 5.15 205 BACTERIAL WIL
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Exercise No. 5.16 206 USING TRICHOd
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Exercise No. 5.19 209 USING RESISTA
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Exercise No. 6.02 220 324 Field Gui
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materials • Office supplies (e.g.
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Exercise No. 6.03 222 SURFACE IRRIG
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Exercise No. 6.05 226 SANITATION AS
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Exercise No. 6.06 228 PRUNING AS AN
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5 Pest-infested foliage or other pl
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Exercise No. 6.08 233 CROP ROTATION
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Exercise No. 7.03 246 SEED SELECTIO
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5 Maturity (e.g., number of days fr
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Exercise No. 7.04 PARTICIPATORY PLA
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Exercise No. 7.05 250 DETERMINING R
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Exercise No. 7.07 PROPER HARVESTING
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Exercise No. 7.08 VILLAGE GENEBANk
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Exercise No. 7.09 258 POST-HARVEST
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Exercise No. 7.10 260 MAINTAINING Q
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ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCT CERTIFICA
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Exercise No. 8.01 UNDERSTANDING ORG
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Exercise No. 8.02 UNDERSTANDING SEC
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MARkETING OF ORGANICALLY-GROWN VEGE
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methodology • Field visit, mini-w
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Participatory Discussion: 414 Field
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Exercise No. 8.05 UNDERSTANDING MAR
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Mini-workshop: 420 Field Guide of D
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Glossary 428 Field Guide of Discove
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Technical Experts: 460 Field Guide
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