Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

Glossary
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease of parsley and leguminous vegetables characterized by small, discrete,
white moldy spots on the upper surface of the leaflets, which rapidly enlarge to an indefinite size until
they coalesce.
Predators refer to a group of biological control agents that are free-living throughout their entire life cycle. A
predator can be a beneficial insect or arthropod (e.g., spider) that feed on many different species of prey
(e.g., insect pests or arthropods) by quickly eating them or sucking their body fluids.
Pricing arrangement refers to how various types of prices differ, how they relate to each other, and how they
affect profits as sales volume of organically-grown vegetable products varies.
Pricking-off refers to initial transplanting of some vegetable seedlings (e.g., celery and lettuce) to give them
greater space in which to grow before finally transplanting in the main field.
Problem solving is the process of effective decision-making. The skills, which relate to the classic model
of decision-making, are how to: (a) define the problem, (b) generate data about the problem, and (c)
generates ideas or alternate courses of action for problem resolution, (d) choose among the alternative
solution, and (e) implement the solution or decision.
Process refers to the dynamics of interplay of behaviors within the learning situations leading to the attainment
of the training objectives.
Processing is a way of surfacing experiences and insights of participants and interpreting these into the
learning context.
Producer’s guarantee, also known as first party certification, refers to an organic guarantee system where
the producer (e.g., farmer, processor, or operator) gives assurance to consumers. This is applicable
where producer’s integrity is widely known to consumers who usually live within same locality as
producers. It is also sufficient when there is mutual understanding between producers and consumers
such as in various versions of producer-consumer partnerships.
Productivity refers to the increase in yield resulting from improved decision-making skills among farmers
associated with integrated pest management (IPM) practices such as selection of appropriate varieties,
use of biological control agents (e.g., Diadegma or Cotesia), correct timing of fertilizer application, and
sound water management.
Profitability refers to the increase in farmers’ net income associated with increased yields and decreased
production costs as a result of the IPM program.
Protection is a fundamental principle in pest and disease management, which is achieved through interposing
a protective barrier between pest or pathogen and susceptible plant.
Pruning, a practical cultural management strategy, which includes the removal of all diseased and weak plant
parts (e.g., leaves, stems, flowers, or fruits).
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