Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

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some suggested questions for processing discussion 280 Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Organic Vegetable Production ❏ What were the commonest dimensions (e.g., width, length, and height) of raised beds you observed in farmers’ field? ❏ When is the proper time to prepare raised beds? Why? What crops need to be grown in raised beds? Why? ❏ Did you observe any differences in pest and disease occurrence on organic vegetable crops grown in raised and flat beds? What pests and diseases were more prevalent? ❏ Were there differences in crop stand, weed growth, soil moisture, and drainage conditions between organic vegetable crops grown in raised and flat beds or plots? ❏ Did you observe variation in raised bed preparations? Were there differences in pest and disease occurrence among variations? Were there differences in crop stand, weed growth, soil moisture, and drainage conditions among variations? ❏ Were there variations in other cultural management practices employed when using different variations of raised bed or plot preparations? ❏ Which of the raised bed variation was most cost efficient? Which of the raised bed variation was most practical? ❏ Was organic vegetable growing in raised beds effective in reducing disease occurrence? ❏ What other management strategies can you use to reduce disease occurrence, which will complement growing of organic vegetable crops in raised beds? ❏ What other benefits can you derive by growing organic vegetables in raised beds?
Section 5 • Integrated Disease Management Exercise No. 5.09 189 PROPER METHOD OF SOWING IN SEEDBED TO CONTROL SOIL-BORNE DISEASES OF ORGANICALLY-GROWN VEGETABLES BaCKGroUND aND raTIoNalE There are different sowing techniques used in organic vegetable production. Some techniques used by vegetable farmers were very appropriate while some were less appropriate to their prevailing local conditions. These inappropriate sowing practices often lead to wastage of seed materials, high incidence of seedbed diseases, poor quality seedlings and consequently, to very low productivity 190 . On the other hand, use of appropriate sowing methods can result in production of healthy seedlings, reduction in cost of production, and increase in productivity and profitability. In farmer field schools (FFSs), best sowing techniques practiced by some organic vegetable farmers can only be shared among and learned by most of them to enrich their current practices through participatory, experiential, and discovery-based learning approaches. Thus, the foregoing exercise was designed primarily for this purpose. How long will this exercise take? • One hour and thirty minutes for field walks, observations, and hands-on exercise in learning and adjoining fields; and • Thirty minutes to one hour brainstorming session. learning objectives • To make participants aware and understand how proper seed sowing techniques in seedbed can help control soil-borne diseases of organically-grown vegetables; and • To learn better practices from other farmers and further improve their skills in proper seed sowing techniques in seedbed. 189 Adapted from Callo, Jr., D.P., L.B. Teofilo, and H.A. Tauli (eds). 2002. Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Vegetable IPM, Volume II. SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. pp241-243. 190 Milagrosa, S.P. 1998. As cited in: Callo, Jr., D.P., L.B. Teofilo, and H.A. Tauli (eds). 2002. Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Vegetable IPM, Volume II. SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. 366p. 281 when is this exercise most appropriate? ɶ In FFS, TOT, and VST sessions, during seed sowing in seedbed of learning field; and ɶ When organic farmers want to learn better practices from other farmers on proper seed sowing techniques in seedbed.
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FFS CURRICULUM ON ORGANIC VEGETABLE
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Section 2 GENERAL TOPICS FOR FARMER
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Exercise No. 2.01 12 WHAT IS IN A B
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learning objectives 12 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 2.02 17 GATHERING AND
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5 Approaches and methods to use in
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vegetable Crop Co
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How long will this exercise take? 2
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Exercise No. 2.04 21 ‘BALLOT BOX
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5 Parsley (e.g., carrot and celery)
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materials 36 Field Guide of Discove
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NATURAL ENEMIES OVG 1 40 Field Guid
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Exercise No. 2.07 32 kEEPING RECORD
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LIVING SOIL AND INTEGRATED SOIL NUT
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Exercise No. 3.01 45 LIVING SOIL: A
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Exercise No. 3.02 47 BARANGAY SOIL
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methodology • Field walks, hands-
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Exercise No. 3.03 50 SOIL PROFILE A
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Exercise No. 3.04 SOIL SAMPLING AND
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For Assessing Soil Fertility (Optio
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Exercise No. 3.05 53 THE ‘FEEL ME
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some suggested questions for proces
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Producing Vermi-compost: 88 Field G
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Exercise No. 3.10 ORGANIC FOLIAR SP
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) a.
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) 94
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Exercise No. 3.13 UNDERSTANDING ACT
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methodology • Field walks and bra
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Exercise No. 3.14 81 MAINTAINING SO
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Exercise No. 3.16 85 BENCH TERRACIN
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Exercise No. 3.17 88 VERNALIZATION
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materials 122 Field Guide of Discov
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Exercise No. 3.19 92 HYDROIZATION O
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Exercise No. 3.21 97 PRICkING-OFF T
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Exercise No. 3.23 101 GROWING IN EA
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Exercise No. 3.26 104 THINNING AS A
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Exercise No. 3.28 108 CROP SEQUENCI
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Exercise No. 3.30 112 CULTURAL MANA
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Exercise No. 4.01 127 BRUSHING OR S
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Exercise No. 4.03 131 HAND PICkING
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Exercise No. 4.05 135 TRAPPING AS A
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Exercise No. 4.07 142 TIMING OF PLA
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS
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Exercise No. 4.10 148 SPRAYING CHIL
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(d) Collection and Use of NPV-infec
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ate of release: 226 Field Guide of
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Page 264 and 265: INTEGRATED RODENT MANAGEMENT 240 Fi
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Exercise No. 6.03 222 SURFACE IRRIG
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Exercise No. 6.05 226 SANITATION AS
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Exercise No. 6.06 228 PRUNING AS AN
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5 Pest-infested foliage or other pl
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Exercise No. 6.08 233 CROP ROTATION
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Exercise No. 7.03 246 SEED SELECTIO
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5 Maturity (e.g., number of days fr
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Exercise No. 7.04 PARTICIPATORY PLA
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Exercise No. 7.05 250 DETERMINING R
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Exercise No. 7.07 PROPER HARVESTING
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Exercise No. 7.08 VILLAGE GENEBANk
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Exercise No. 7.09 258 POST-HARVEST
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Exercise No. 7.10 260 MAINTAINING Q
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ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCT CERTIFICA
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Exercise No. 8.01 UNDERSTANDING ORG
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Exercise No. 8.02 UNDERSTANDING SEC
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MARkETING OF ORGANICALLY-GROWN VEGE
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methodology • Field visit, mini-w
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Participatory Discussion: 414 Field
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Exercise No. 8.05 UNDERSTANDING MAR
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Glossary 428 Field Guide of Discove
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Technical Experts: 460 Field Guide
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