Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

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332 Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Organic Vegetable Production ❏ What are the advantages and disadvantages of different flooding practices used for organic vegetable production? ❏ When is the most appropriate time to do irrigation by flooding in organic vegetable production? When is the most appropriate time to do other irrigation practices? ❏ What other cultural management practices can complement the practice of irrigation by flooding for management of pests and diseases in organic vegetable production?
Section 6 • Simultaneous Insect Pest and Disease Management Exercise No. 6.04 224 OVERHEAD IRRIGATION AS AN INSECT PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY IN ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCTION BaCKGroUND aND raTIoNalE In overhead irrigation, water is applied either in the form of a fine mist (spraying) or spray simulating rain (sprinkling). Water may be manually applied using watering cans or mechanically applied under pressure and at pre-determined intervals 225 . Experiences shared by farmers in previous FFSs indicated that overhead irrigation is a cultural management practice that plays a significant role in pest and disease management in both conventional and organic vegetable production. Overhead irrigation is suitable to dislodge spores of many fungus diseases (e.g., powdery mildew of organically-grown garden pea, downy mildew of cabbage seedlings, rust of beans) from leaf surface of infected vegetable crops, thereby minimizing disease infections. Likewise, overhead irrigation reduces population of aphids, spider mites, white flies, and thrips in organically-grown crucifers, legumes, and solanaceous vegetables. Many farmers reported also that irrigating the field for at least eight hours using Jetmatic sprinkler (a type of overhead irrigation equipment) disturbed adult DBM, a major insect pest of crucifers, thus, minimized egg-laying capacity of female. These experiences and other organic farmer innovations can be better shared to other farmers in FFSs through field walks and brainstorming sessions, hence this exercise. How long will this exercise take? • Thirty minutes to one hour for field walks and observations of different irrigation practices and equipment in adjoining organic vegetable farms of learning field; and • Thirty minutes to one hour brainstorming session in processing area. 224 Adapted from Callo, Jr., D.P., L.B. Teofilo, and H.A. Tauli (eds). 2002. Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Vegetable IPM, Volume II. SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. pp 272-274. 225 Bautista, O.K. (ed). 1994. Introduction to Tropical Horticulture. 2 nd Edition. SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture and University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines. pp326-330. 333 when is this exercise most appropriate? ɶ In FFS, TOT, and VST sessions, before doing an overhead irrigation in learning field; and/or ɶ When farmers want to learn the best experiences from other farmers on how overhead irrigation minimize pest and disease occurrence in their organic vegetable fields.
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FFS CURRICULUM ON ORGANIC VEGETABLE
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Section 2 GENERAL TOPICS FOR FARMER
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Exercise No. 2.01 12 WHAT IS IN A B
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learning objectives 12 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 2.02 17 GATHERING AND
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5 Approaches and methods to use in
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vegetable Crop Co
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How long will this exercise take? 2
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Exercise No. 2.04 21 ‘BALLOT BOX
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5 Parsley (e.g., carrot and celery)
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materials 36 Field Guide of Discove
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NATURAL ENEMIES OVG 1 40 Field Guid
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Exercise No. 2.07 32 kEEPING RECORD
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LIVING SOIL AND INTEGRATED SOIL NUT
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Exercise No. 3.01 45 LIVING SOIL: A
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Exercise No. 3.02 47 BARANGAY SOIL
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methodology • Field walks, hands-
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Exercise No. 3.03 50 SOIL PROFILE A
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Exercise No. 3.04 SOIL SAMPLING AND
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For Assessing Soil Fertility (Optio
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Exercise No. 3.05 53 THE ‘FEEL ME
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some suggested questions for proces
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Producing Vermi-compost: 88 Field G
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Exercise No. 3.10 ORGANIC FOLIAR SP
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) a.
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) 94
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Exercise No. 3.13 UNDERSTANDING ACT
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methodology • Field walks and bra
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Exercise No. 3.14 81 MAINTAINING SO
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Exercise No. 3.16 85 BENCH TERRACIN
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Exercise No. 3.17 88 VERNALIZATION
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materials 122 Field Guide of Discov
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Exercise No. 3.19 92 HYDROIZATION O
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Exercise No. 3.21 97 PRICkING-OFF T
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Exercise No. 3.23 101 GROWING IN EA
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Exercise No. 3.26 104 THINNING AS A
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Exercise No. 3.28 108 CROP SEQUENCI
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Exercise No. 3.30 112 CULTURAL MANA
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Exercise No. 4.01 127 BRUSHING OR S
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Exercise No. 4.03 131 HAND PICkING
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Exercise No. 4.05 135 TRAPPING AS A
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Exercise No. 4.07 142 TIMING OF PLA
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS
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Exercise No. 4.10 148 SPRAYING CHIL
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(d) Collection and Use of NPV-infec
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ate of release: 226 Field Guide of
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Exercise No. 4.14 155 FIELD-COLLECT
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INTEGRATED RODENT MANAGEMENT 240 Fi
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Biological Methods: 250 Field Guide
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Section 5 INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGE
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Exercise No. 5.01 174 DISEASE TRIAN
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Exercise No. 5.02 176 SIMULATION EX
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Exercise No. 5.05 182 SAP TRANSMISS
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Exercise No. 5.06 183 HOT WATER TRE
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5. Draw up conclusions and recommen
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Exercise No. 5.08 187 USING RAISED
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Exercise No. 7.08 VILLAGE GENEBANk
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Exercise No. 7.09 258 POST-HARVEST
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Exercise No. 7.10 260 MAINTAINING Q
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ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCT CERTIFICA
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Exercise No. 8.01 UNDERSTANDING ORG
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Exercise No. 8.02 UNDERSTANDING SEC
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MARkETING OF ORGANICALLY-GROWN VEGE
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methodology • Field visit, mini-w
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Participatory Discussion: 414 Field
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Exercise No. 8.05 UNDERSTANDING MAR
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Mini-workshop: 420 Field Guide of D
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Glossary 428 Field Guide of Discove
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Technical Experts: 460 Field Guide
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