Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

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learning objectives 246 Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Organic Vegetable Production • To create awareness and understanding among participants on the role of cage traps and scaring materials as management strategies against rats in organic vegetable production; and • To learn from other farmers their innovative practices in using different traps and scaring materials as management strategies against rats in organic vegetable production. materials • Office supplies (e.g., Manila papers, notebooks, ball pens, marking pens, and crayons); • Organically-grown vegetable crops in learning and adjoining field showing early signs of rat infestation; and • Different trap and scaring materials (e.g., cage traps, used cassette tapes, used plastic bags or cellophane, wire, etc.). methodology • Field walks, hands-on, and brainstorming steps 1. Divide participants in small groups and ask them to conduct field walks and observe as many organic vegetable crops with early infestation signs of rats in learning and adjoining fields. Take note of the signs of gnawing, nibbling, cut seedlings, and damaged plant parts (e.g., flowers, pods, fruits, roots, tubers, etc.) and presence of runways and burrows in field. Interview other farmers, if necessary. List down all observations related to the following: 5 Crops grown and crop stand; 5 Signs of rat damages on plants and plant parts; 5 Presence of runways, burrows, footprints, and feces; and 5 Management strategies employed by farmers, if any. 2. Go back to the processing area; brainstorm in small groups and present output to the big group. 3. Conduct participatory discussion to allow sharing of experiences among participants and facilitators. Motivate farmers to share their best experiences in using different traps and scaring materials against rats.
Section 4 • Integrated Insect and Rodent Pests Management 4. Synthesize and summarize output of small groups into one big group output. Draw up conclusions and recommendations from this exercise. 5. Facilitate farmers to install cage traps and scaring materials when early infestation signs of rats are observed in learning field by improving procedures given below: Option 1 (Using Cage Traps) 5 Acquire or fabricate and install at least five cage traps with appropriate baits in strategic places (e.g., runways and burrows) of learning field before nighttime; 5 Inspect and gather cage traps with rat catches in the succeeding morning; 5 Record and dispose rat catches promptly; 5 Reinstall cage traps in the same area before nighttime; 5 Gather and reinstall cage traps without rat catch near reinstalled cage traps with previous rat catches. If possible, estimate percent rat damage; 5 Repeat process daily until necessary; and 5 Take note of all relevant observations and experiences during this activity. Option 2 (Using Scaring Materials) 5 Install scaring materials (e.g., used cassette tapes, used plastic bags or cellophane, etc.) at a distance of one-meter in rows within plots; 5 Inspect and record presence of runways, burrows, footprints, and feces in the succeeding morning; 5 Inspect and also record signs of rat damages on plants and plant parts in the succeeding morning. If possible, estimate percent rat damage; 5 Repeat process daily until necessary; 5 If different scaring materials were used, determine best scaring materials; and 5 Take note of all relevant observations and experiences during this activity. some suggested questions for processing discussion ❏ Did you observe farmers using cage traps against rats in their fields? Did you observe farmers using scaring materials against rats in their fields? ❏ What traps and scaring materials against rats were commonly used by farmers? ❏ Did you observe any differences in effectiveness among different traps and scaring materials used against rats? When is it practical to use cage traps against rats? When are scaring materials more practical to use against rats? 247
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Acknowledgement iv Field Guide of D
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FFS CURRICULUM ON ORGANIC VEGETABLE
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Section 2 GENERAL TOPICS FOR FARMER
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Exercise No. 2.01 12 WHAT IS IN A B
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learning objectives 12 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 2.02 17 GATHERING AND
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5 Approaches and methods to use in
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vegetable Crop Co
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How long will this exercise take? 2
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Exercise No. 2.04 21 ‘BALLOT BOX
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5 Parsley (e.g., carrot and celery)
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materials 36 Field Guide of Discove
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NATURAL ENEMIES OVG 1 40 Field Guid
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Exercise No. 2.07 32 kEEPING RECORD
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LIVING SOIL AND INTEGRATED SOIL NUT
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Exercise No. 3.01 45 LIVING SOIL: A
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Exercise No. 3.02 47 BARANGAY SOIL
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methodology • Field walks, hands-
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Exercise No. 3.03 50 SOIL PROFILE A
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Exercise No. 3.04 SOIL SAMPLING AND
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For Assessing Soil Fertility (Optio
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Exercise No. 3.05 53 THE ‘FEEL ME
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some suggested questions for proces
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Producing Vermi-compost: 88 Field G
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Exercise No. 3.10 ORGANIC FOLIAR SP
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) a.
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) 94
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Exercise No. 3.13 UNDERSTANDING ACT
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methodology • Field walks and bra
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Exercise No. 3.14 81 MAINTAINING SO
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Exercise No. 3.16 85 BENCH TERRACIN
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Exercise No. 3.17 88 VERNALIZATION
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materials 122 Field Guide of Discov
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Exercise No. 3.19 92 HYDROIZATION O
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Exercise No. 3.21 97 PRICkING-OFF T
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some suggested question for process
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Exercise No. 3.23 101 GROWING IN EA
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Exercise No. 3.26 104 THINNING AS A
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Exercise No. 3.28 108 CROP SEQUENCI
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Exercise No. 3.30 112 CULTURAL MANA
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Exercise No. 4.01 127 BRUSHING OR S
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Exercise No. 4.03 131 HAND PICkING
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Exercise No. 4.05 135 TRAPPING AS A
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Page 232 and 233: BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS
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Page 236 and 237: Exercise No. 4.10 148 SPRAYING CHIL
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Page 264 and 265: INTEGRATED RODENT MANAGEMENT 240 Fi
Page 274 and 275: Biological Methods: 250 Field Guide
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Page 280 and 281: Exercise No. 5.01 174 DISEASE TRIAN
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF DISEASES 296
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Exercise No. 5.15 205 BACTERIAL WIL
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Exercise No. 5.16 206 USING TRICHOd
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Exercise No. 5.19 209 USING RESISTA
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Exercise No. 6.02 220 324 Field Gui
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materials • Office supplies (e.g.
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Exercise No. 6.03 222 SURFACE IRRIG
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Exercise No. 6.05 226 SANITATION AS
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Exercise No. 6.06 228 PRUNING AS AN
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5 Pest-infested foliage or other pl
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Exercise No. 6.08 233 CROP ROTATION
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Exercise No. 7.03 246 SEED SELECTIO
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5 Maturity (e.g., number of days fr
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Exercise No. 7.04 PARTICIPATORY PLA
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Exercise No. 7.05 250 DETERMINING R
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Exercise No. 7.07 PROPER HARVESTING
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Exercise No. 7.08 VILLAGE GENEBANk
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Exercise No. 7.09 258 POST-HARVEST
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Exercise No. 7.10 260 MAINTAINING Q
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ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCT CERTIFICA
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Exercise No. 8.01 UNDERSTANDING ORG
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Exercise No. 8.02 UNDERSTANDING SEC
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MARkETING OF ORGANICALLY-GROWN VEGE
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methodology • Field visit, mini-w
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Participatory Discussion: 414 Field
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Exercise No. 8.05 UNDERSTANDING MAR
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Mini-workshop: 420 Field Guide of D
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Glossary 428 Field Guide of Discove
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Technical Experts: 460 Field Guide
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