Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

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learning objectives 210 Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Organic Vegetable Production • To make participants aware of and understand the role of Diadegma parasitoid in managing population of DBM in organically-grown crucifers; and • To learn and do hands-on of ‘pulling the guts’ technique in determining degree of DBM larval parasitism by Diadegma in farmers’ field. materials • Office supplies (e.g., Manila papers notebooks, ball pens, marking pens, and crayons); • Other supplies (e.g., hand lenses, soft brush for collecting specimens, plastic jars, syringe, vials, and denatured alcohol); and • Organically-grown crucifers in learning and adjoining field showing early infestation of third and fourth instars DBM larvae. methodology • Field walks, hands-on, and brainstorming steps 1. Divide participants in small groups and ask them to conduct field walks, observe organicallygrown crucifer crops showing early infestation of DBM in learning and adjoining fields. Take note of feeding characteristics of pest. Interview other farmers, if necessary. List down all observations related to pest occurrence, degree of parasitism and characteristic of pest damage, etc. 2. Facilitate each farmer to do hands-on of ‘pulling the guts’ (limit to one larva per farmer or 25- 30 larvae per FFS to avoid too much destructive sampling) to determine degree of DBM larval parasitism by Diadegma in learning and adjoining crucifer fields, as follows: 5 Collect and record number of third and fourth instars DBM larvae collected; 5 Take one larva, hold on both ends between thumb and index finger, slowly pull, and carefully observe Diadegma larva coming out a gut or bituka of DBM larva with aid of a magnifying lens; 5 Count and record number of DBM larvae with Diadegma larval parasitoid inside; 5 Count and record number of DBM larvae without Diadegma larval parasitoid inside; and 5 Determine % parasitism following the formula below:
Section 4 • Integrated Insect and Rodent Pests Management total number of parasitized larvae % parasitism = total number of collected DBM x 100 larvae subjected to pulling the guts 3. Go back to processing area, brainstorm in small groups and present output to the big group. Conduct participatory discussion to allow sharing of experiences among participants and facilitators. 4. Synthesize and summarize output of small groups into one big group output. Draw up conclusions and recommendation from exercise. some suggested questions for processing discussion ❏ Did you observe DBM infestation on organically-grown crucifers in farmers’ field? ❏ Can you differentiate Diadegma parasitized and non-parasitized DBM larvae? What were the differences between these two? ❏ Did you try pulling the guts to estimate percentage DBM larval parasitism by Diadegma? Is it a practical technique for farmers? ❏ Why is this exercise called pulling the guts? ❏ Can you detect a parasitized DBM larva without pulling the guts? How? ❏ Did you see adult Diadegma parasitoids in farmers’ field? How did they survive in field? ❏ Did you see adult Diadegma parasitoids actually parasitizing DBM larvae? ❏ What farmers’ practices do you think can be destructive to Diadegma parasitoids? ❏ What cultural practices do you think can enhance or conserve population of Diadegma parasitoids in farmers’ field? ❏ What other cultural management strategies can complement the use of Diadegma parasitoids to manage DBM population in farmers’ field? 211
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Acknowledgement iv Field Guide of D
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FFS CURRICULUM ON ORGANIC VEGETABLE
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Section 2 GENERAL TOPICS FOR FARMER
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Exercise No. 2.01 12 WHAT IS IN A B
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learning objectives 12 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 2.02 17 GATHERING AND
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5 Approaches and methods to use in
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vegetable Crop Co
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How long will this exercise take? 2
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Exercise No. 2.04 21 ‘BALLOT BOX
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5 Parsley (e.g., carrot and celery)
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materials 36 Field Guide of Discove
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NATURAL ENEMIES OVG 1 40 Field Guid
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Exercise No. 2.07 32 kEEPING RECORD
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LIVING SOIL AND INTEGRATED SOIL NUT
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Exercise No. 3.01 45 LIVING SOIL: A
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Exercise No. 3.02 47 BARANGAY SOIL
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methodology • Field walks, hands-
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Exercise No. 3.03 50 SOIL PROFILE A
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Exercise No. 3.04 SOIL SAMPLING AND
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For Assessing Soil Fertility (Optio
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Exercise No. 3.05 53 THE ‘FEEL ME
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some suggested questions for proces
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Producing Vermi-compost: 88 Field G
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Exercise No. 3.10 ORGANIC FOLIAR SP
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) a.
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) 94
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Exercise No. 3.13 UNDERSTANDING ACT
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methodology • Field walks and bra
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Exercise No. 3.14 81 MAINTAINING SO
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Exercise No. 3.16 85 BENCH TERRACIN
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Exercise No. 3.17 88 VERNALIZATION
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materials 122 Field Guide of Discov
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Exercise No. 3.19 92 HYDROIZATION O
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Exercise No. 3.21 97 PRICkING-OFF T
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some suggested question for process
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Exercise No. 3.23 101 GROWING IN EA
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Exercise No. 3.26 104 THINNING AS A
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Exercise No. 3.28 108 CROP SEQUENCI
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Exercise No. 3.30 112 CULTURAL MANA
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Page 210 and 211: Exercise No. 4.03 131 HAND PICkING
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Page 216 and 217: Exercise No. 4.05 135 TRAPPING AS A
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Page 226 and 227: Exercise No. 4.07 142 TIMING OF PLA
Page 232 and 233: BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS
Page 236 and 237: Exercise No. 4.10 148 SPRAYING CHIL
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Page 256 and 257: Exercise No. 4.14 155 FIELD-COLLECT
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Page 264 and 265: INTEGRATED RODENT MANAGEMENT 240 Fi
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Page 274 and 275: Biological Methods: 250 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 5.02 176 SIMULATION EX
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Exercise No. 5.05 182 SAP TRANSMISS
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Exercise No. 5.06 183 HOT WATER TRE
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5. Draw up conclusions and recommen
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Exercise No. 5.08 187 USING RAISED
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Exercise No. 5.10 191 MULCHING AS A
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Exercise No. 5.12 196 UPROOTING AND
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF DISEASES 296
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Exercise No. 5.15 205 BACTERIAL WIL
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Exercise No. 5.16 206 USING TRICHOd
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Exercise No. 5.19 209 USING RESISTA
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Exercise No. 6.02 220 324 Field Gui
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materials • Office supplies (e.g.
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Exercise No. 6.03 222 SURFACE IRRIG
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Exercise No. 6.05 226 SANITATION AS
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Exercise No. 6.06 228 PRUNING AS AN
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5 Pest-infested foliage or other pl
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Exercise No. 6.08 233 CROP ROTATION
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Exercise No. 7.03 246 SEED SELECTIO
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5 Maturity (e.g., number of days fr
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Exercise No. 7.04 PARTICIPATORY PLA
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Exercise No. 7.05 250 DETERMINING R
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Exercise No. 7.07 PROPER HARVESTING
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Exercise No. 7.08 VILLAGE GENEBANk
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Exercise No. 7.09 258 POST-HARVEST
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Exercise No. 7.10 260 MAINTAINING Q
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ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCT CERTIFICA
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Exercise No. 8.01 UNDERSTANDING ORG
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Exercise No. 8.02 UNDERSTANDING SEC
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MARkETING OF ORGANICALLY-GROWN VEGE
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methodology • Field visit, mini-w
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Participatory Discussion: 414 Field
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Exercise No. 8.05 UNDERSTANDING MAR
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Mini-workshop: 420 Field Guide of D
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Glossary 428 Field Guide of Discove
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Technical Experts: 460 Field Guide
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