Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

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230 Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Organic Vegetable Production 4. Facilitate each farmer to do farm-level mass-production and use of Euborellia annulata as a general predator of eggs, larvae, and pupae of numerous insect pests as well as leafhoppers, planthoppers, aphids, and many soft-bodied insect pests of organically-grown vegetables 154 : a. Collection and rearing of Founder Population: 5 Collect initial earwig population; a) dissect corn stalks heavily infested with ACB b) pile of decomposing corn cobs c) request from NCPC 5 Place about 2.5 kg of soil-sand mixture (3:1 by volume) inside an acrylic pan with net or screen cover (14.5 cm by 8.5 cm); 5 Moisten mixture to about 27–30% moisture content; 5 Release adults (12 females and 4 males); 5 Feed insect weekly with about 10-15 g fish meal; 5 Adults will lay about 6 egg batches and these offspring will develop into adults in about 35 days. B. mass-rearing of Earwig (Euborellia annulata): 5 Sterilize soil-sand mixture (3:1 by volume) 5 Place 2.5 kg of 3:1 soil-sand mixture each in 10 plastic rearing trays 5 Adjust soil moisture to 27 to 30%; 5 Introduce adult earwigs (36 females and 12 males); 5 Feed earwigs weekly with 15-20 g fish meal and every 7days thereafter; 5 About 4,000 earwigs of different ages can be produced per rearing tray within two months; and 5 Cost of rearing earwigs is P0.04 per individual. C. Using Earwig (Euborellia annulata) as Biological Control agent: 5 At 20 and 27 days after planting (DAP) or days after transplanting (DAT), release 20,000 earwigs per hectare per release; 5 Use straw as organic mulch to provide cozy shelter for earwigs at daytime; and 5 If target pests are predominantly lepidopterans and exceedingly high, supplement with release of Trichogramma to be more effective. 154 Javier, P.A. 2005. Farm-level utilization of predators: Earwigs and Orius. Power point presentation during a Workshop on Integrated Production and Pest Management in Processing Tomato: Issues and Prospects held on July 2005 at Laoag City, Ilocos Norte, Philippines. 17 slides.
Section 4 • Integrated Insect and Rodent Pests Management 5. Synthesize and summarize output of small groups into one big group output. Draw up conclusions and recommendation from this exercise. some suggested questions for processing discussion ❏ Did you observe different organically-grown vegetable crops infested with numerous insect pests as well as leafhoppers, planthoppers, aphids, and many soft-bodied insect pests in learning and adjoining fields? ❏ What control methods were employed by farmers against numerous insect pests as well as leafhoppers, planthoppers, aphids, and many soft-bodied insect pests infesting their organicallygrown vegetable crops? ❏ Did you observe farmers producing and using biological control agents to manage numerous insect pests as well as leafhoppers, planthoppers, aphids, and many soft-bodied insect pests in their vegetable fields? ❏ Did you observe farmers using earwig (Euborellia annulata) as biological control agent to manage numerous insect pests as well as leafhoppers, planthoppers, aphids, and many softbodied insect pests in their vegetable fields? ❏ Is the use of earwig (Euborellia annulata) as biological control agent effective in managing numerous insect pests as well as leafhoppers, planthoppers, aphids, and many soft-bodied insect pests in organic vegetable production? ❏ How, how much, and when is the best time to apply earwig (Euborellia annulata) as biological control agent in organic vegetable production? ❏ Did you observe any innovative procedures in village-based biological control agent massproduction and application used by farmers in organic vegetable production? What benefits did farmers derive from using biological control agents as pest management strategy in organic vegetable production? ❏ How did you feel while mass-producing and using earwig (Euborellia annulata)? Was it difficult to mass-produce and use earwig (Euborellia annulata) as biological control agent in organic vegetable production? ❏ What other cultural management options can you use to complement using earwig (Euborellia annulata) as biological control agent in organic vegetable production? 231
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FFS CURRICULUM ON ORGANIC VEGETABLE
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Section 2 GENERAL TOPICS FOR FARMER
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Exercise No. 2.01 12 WHAT IS IN A B
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learning objectives 12 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 2.02 17 GATHERING AND
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5 Approaches and methods to use in
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vegetable Crop Co
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How long will this exercise take? 2
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Exercise No. 2.04 21 ‘BALLOT BOX
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5 Parsley (e.g., carrot and celery)
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materials 36 Field Guide of Discove
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NATURAL ENEMIES OVG 1 40 Field Guid
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Exercise No. 2.07 32 kEEPING RECORD
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LIVING SOIL AND INTEGRATED SOIL NUT
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Exercise No. 3.01 45 LIVING SOIL: A
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Exercise No. 3.02 47 BARANGAY SOIL
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methodology • Field walks, hands-
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Exercise No. 3.03 50 SOIL PROFILE A
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Exercise No. 3.04 SOIL SAMPLING AND
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For Assessing Soil Fertility (Optio
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Exercise No. 3.05 53 THE ‘FEEL ME
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some suggested questions for proces
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Producing Vermi-compost: 88 Field G
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Exercise No. 3.10 ORGANIC FOLIAR SP
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) a.
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) 94
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Exercise No. 3.13 UNDERSTANDING ACT
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methodology • Field walks and bra
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Exercise No. 3.14 81 MAINTAINING SO
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Exercise No. 3.16 85 BENCH TERRACIN
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Exercise No. 3.17 88 VERNALIZATION
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materials 122 Field Guide of Discov
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Exercise No. 3.19 92 HYDROIZATION O
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Exercise No. 3.21 97 PRICkING-OFF T
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some suggested question for process
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Exercise No. 3.23 101 GROWING IN EA
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Exercise No. 3.26 104 THINNING AS A
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Exercise No. 3.28 108 CROP SEQUENCI
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Exercise No. 3.30 112 CULTURAL MANA
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Page 216 and 217: Exercise No. 4.05 135 TRAPPING AS A
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Exercise No. 5.10 191 MULCHING AS A
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Exercise No. 5.12 196 UPROOTING AND
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF DISEASES 296
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Exercise No. 5.15 205 BACTERIAL WIL
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Exercise No. 5.16 206 USING TRICHOd
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Exercise No. 5.19 209 USING RESISTA
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Exercise No. 6.02 220 324 Field Gui
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materials • Office supplies (e.g.
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Exercise No. 6.03 222 SURFACE IRRIG
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Exercise No. 6.05 226 SANITATION AS
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Exercise No. 6.06 228 PRUNING AS AN
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5 Pest-infested foliage or other pl
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Exercise No. 6.08 233 CROP ROTATION
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Exercise No. 7.03 246 SEED SELECTIO
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5 Maturity (e.g., number of days fr
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Exercise No. 7.04 PARTICIPATORY PLA
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Exercise No. 7.05 250 DETERMINING R
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Exercise No. 7.07 PROPER HARVESTING
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Exercise No. 7.08 VILLAGE GENEBANk
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Exercise No. 7.09 258 POST-HARVEST
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Exercise No. 7.10 260 MAINTAINING Q
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ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCT CERTIFICA
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Exercise No. 8.01 UNDERSTANDING ORG
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Exercise No. 8.02 UNDERSTANDING SEC
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MARkETING OF ORGANICALLY-GROWN VEGE
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methodology • Field visit, mini-w
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Participatory Discussion: 414 Field
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Exercise No. 8.05 UNDERSTANDING MAR
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Mini-workshop: 420 Field Guide of D
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Glossary 428 Field Guide of Discove
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Technical Experts: 460 Field Guide
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