Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for - Aseanipm ...

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248 Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Organic Vegetable Production ❏ What stages of organically-grown crops are most susceptible to rats? Were there differences in crop stand and severity of rat damage between organic vegetable fields, which used and did not use traps and scaring materials against rats? ❏ What other innovations did you learn from other farmers in using different traps and scaring materials against rats? ❏ What other cultural management practices can you use to complement cage trapping and using scaring materials as management strategies against rats in organic vegetable production?
Section 4 • Integrated Insect and Rodent Pests Management Exercise No. 4.18 166 COMMUNITY-BASED RODENT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR PROFITABLE ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCTION BaCKGroUND aND raTIoNalE Rodents concentrate in adjoining grass and other covers following cultivation. Rapid movements into crop field are enhanced with more plant and weed cover, more so in presence of greening corn or leafy and fruit vegetables. Enhanced reproduction also occurs under these conditions 167 . As previously discussed, effective rodent management requires a community-based effort. Past experiences indicate that many cultural management practices can be incorporated in a community-based management approach 168 to effectively regulate rodent population in vegetable fields, such as: Physical methods: • Blanket system is probably the most popular removal process. It involves driving rodents into a central grass trap where they are eventually killed. It offers a direct estimate of animal population given a required sample size. Removal process is comparatively fast and effective particularly when used selectively in preferred harborages or against probable bait-shy population. Community-based actions, which employ men, work animals, and tractor-drawn cultivators are necessary. • Burrow excavation or digging is preferred over the use of fumigants, flames, or water to dislodge occupants. However, this method may result to a high rate of escape and more often is not cost-effective due to difference in percent occupancy. • Others, such as use of traps, deep trenches, barriers, and other auxiliary methods may also be used as a matter of choice. 166 Adapted from Callo, Jr. D.P., A.G. Castillo, and C.A. Baniqued (eds). 2001. Field Guide of Discovery-based Exercises for Corn Production. SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), College, Laguna, Philippines. pp360-362. 167 PGCPP. 1987. Pocket Reference Manual on Integrated Pest Management in Corn. Philippine-German Crop Protection Programme (PGCPP), Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI), manila, Philippines. pp60-63. 168 Sumangil, J.P. 1990. Control of ricefield rats in the Philippines. In Quick, G.R. (ed). 1990. Rodents and Rice. Report and Proceedings of an Expert Panel Meeting on Rice Rodent Control held on 10-14 September 1990 at International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. pp35-48. 249 when is this exercise most appropriate? ɶ In FFS, TOT and VST sessions, as follow-up of ‘Rodent Population Dynamics: A Group Dynamics Exercise As Well’ topic; and ɶ When farmers want to learn innovative community-based integrated rodent management (IRM) options for their organic vegetable growing.
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FFS CURRICULUM ON ORGANIC VEGETABLE
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Section 2 GENERAL TOPICS FOR FARMER
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Exercise No. 2.01 12 WHAT IS IN A B
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learning objectives 12 Field Guide
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Exercise No. 2.02 17 GATHERING AND
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5 Approaches and methods to use in
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vegetable Crop Co
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How long will this exercise take? 2
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Exercise No. 2.04 21 ‘BALLOT BOX
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5 Parsley (e.g., carrot and celery)
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materials 36 Field Guide of Discove
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NATURAL ENEMIES OVG 1 40 Field Guid
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Exercise No. 2.07 32 kEEPING RECORD
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LIVING SOIL AND INTEGRATED SOIL NUT
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Exercise No. 3.01 45 LIVING SOIL: A
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Exercise No. 3.02 47 BARANGAY SOIL
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methodology • Field walks, hands-
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Exercise No. 3.03 50 SOIL PROFILE A
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Exercise No. 3.04 SOIL SAMPLING AND
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For Assessing Soil Fertility (Optio
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Exercise No. 3.05 53 THE ‘FEEL ME
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some suggested questions for proces
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Producing Vermi-compost: 88 Field G
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Exercise No. 3.10 ORGANIC FOLIAR SP
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) a.
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For Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) 94
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Exercise No. 3.13 UNDERSTANDING ACT
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methodology • Field walks and bra
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Exercise No. 3.14 81 MAINTAINING SO
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Exercise No. 3.16 85 BENCH TERRACIN
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Exercise No. 3.17 88 VERNALIZATION
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materials 122 Field Guide of Discov
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Exercise No. 3.19 92 HYDROIZATION O
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Exercise No. 3.21 97 PRICkING-OFF T
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some suggested question for process
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Exercise No. 3.23 101 GROWING IN EA
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Exercise No. 3.26 104 THINNING AS A
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Exercise No. 3.28 108 CROP SEQUENCI
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Exercise No. 3.30 112 CULTURAL MANA
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Exercise No. 4.01 127 BRUSHING OR S
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Exercise No. 4.03 131 HAND PICkING
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Exercise No. 4.05 135 TRAPPING AS A
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Exercise No. 5.15 205 BACTERIAL WIL
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Exercise No. 5.16 206 USING TRICHOd
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Exercise No. 5.19 209 USING RESISTA
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Exercise No. 6.02 220 324 Field Gui
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materials • Office supplies (e.g.
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Exercise No. 6.03 222 SURFACE IRRIG
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Exercise No. 6.05 226 SANITATION AS
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Exercise No. 6.06 228 PRUNING AS AN
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5 Pest-infested foliage or other pl
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Exercise No. 6.08 233 CROP ROTATION
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Exercise No. 7.03 246 SEED SELECTIO
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5 Maturity (e.g., number of days fr
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Exercise No. 7.04 PARTICIPATORY PLA
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Exercise No. 7.05 250 DETERMINING R
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Exercise No. 7.07 PROPER HARVESTING
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Exercise No. 7.08 VILLAGE GENEBANk
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Exercise No. 7.09 258 POST-HARVEST
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Exercise No. 7.10 260 MAINTAINING Q
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ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCT CERTIFICA
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Exercise No. 8.01 UNDERSTANDING ORG
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Exercise No. 8.02 UNDERSTANDING SEC
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MARkETING OF ORGANICALLY-GROWN VEGE
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methodology • Field visit, mini-w
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Participatory Discussion: 414 Field
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Exercise No. 8.05 UNDERSTANDING MAR
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Mini-workshop: 420 Field Guide of D
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Glossary 428 Field Guide of Discove
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Technical Experts: 460 Field Guide
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