Sorted By Test Name - Mayo Medical Laboratories

PBHA
8495
PBNA
89857
standards for employees working in industry: -Employees with a single whole blood lead result >60
mcg/dL must be removed from workplace exposure. -Employees with whole blood lead levels >50
mcg/dL averaged over 3 blood samplings must be removed from workplace exposure. -An employee may
not return to work in a lead exposure environment until their whole blood lead level is or =7 years: 0-9 mcg/dL
Critical values
Pediatrics (< or =15 years): > or =20 mcg/dL
Adults (> or =16 years): > or =70 mcg/dL
Clinical References: 1. Occupational Safety and Health Administration: OSHA Lead Standard -
Requirements from the General Industry Standards Lead (1910.1025), from 29 CFR 1910.1025, A.M.
Best Safety and Security - 2000. Cited March 2000. Available from URL:
http://www.ambest.com/safety/osha/chap10g.html 2. Rosen JF: Preventing Lead Poisoning in Young
Children. US Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, 1991 3. Bellinger D,
Leviton A, Waternaux C, et al: Longitudinal analyses of prenatal and postnatal lead exposure and early
cognitive development. N Engl J Med 1987 Apr 23;316(17):1037-1043 4. Needleman HL, Schell A,
Bellinger D, et al: The long-term effects of exposure to low doses of lead in childhood. An 11-year
follow-up report. N Engl J Med 1990 Jan 11;322(2):83-88 5. Nixon DE, Moyer TP, Windebank AJ, et al:
Lack of correlation of low level sof whole blood and serum lead in humans: an experimental evaluation in
animals. In Trace Substances in Envrionmental Health XIX. Proceedings of the University of Missouri's
19th Annual Conference on Trace Substances in Environmental Health, Columbia, MO, June 3-6, 1985,
pp248-256
Lead, Hair
Clinical Information: Hair analysis for lead can be used to corroborate blood analysis or to document
past lead exposure. If the hair is collected and segmented in a time sequence (based on length from root),
the approximate time of exposure can be assessed.
Useful For: Detecting lead exposure
Interpretation: Normal hair lead content is 10.0 mcg/g indicates significant
lead exposure.
Reference Values:
0.0-3.9 mcg/g of hair
Reference values apply to all ages.
Clinical References: 1. Strumylaite L, Ryselis S, Kregzdyte R: Content of lead in human hair from
people exposed to lead. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2004;207:345-351 2. Barbosa F, Tanus-Santos J,
Gerlach R, and Parsons P: A Critical review of biomarkers used for monitoring human exposure to lead:
advantages, limitations, and future needs. Environ Health Perspect 2005;113:1669–1674 3. Sanna E,
Liguori A, Palmes L, et al: Blood and hair lead levels in boys and girls living in two Sardinian towns at
different risks of lead pollution. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2003;55:293-299
Lead, Nails
Clinical Information: Nail analysis of lead can be used to corroborate blood analysis.
Useful For: Detecting lead exposure
Interpretation: Normally, the nail lead content is 10.0 mcg/g indicates
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